Rice with reduced stomatal density conserves water and has improved drought tolerance under future climate conditions

Caine, Robert S.; Yin, Xiaojia; Sloan, Jennifer; Harrison, Emily L.; Mohammed, Umar; Fulton, Timothy; Biswal, Akshaya K.; Dionora, Jacqueline; Chater, Caspar C.; Coe, Robert A.; Bandyopadhyay, Anindya; Murchie, Erik H.; Swarup, Ranjan; Quick, W. Paul; Gray, Julie E.

Abstract

Much of humanity relies on rice (Oryza sativa) as a food source, but cultivation is water intensive and the crop is vulnerable to drought and high temperatures. Under climate change, periods of reduced water availability and high temperature are expected to become more frequent, leading to detrimental effects on rice yields.
We engineered the high-yielding rice cultivar ‘IR64’ to produce fewer stomata by manipulating the level of a developmental signal. We overexpressed the rice epidermal patterning factor OsEPF1, creating plants with substantially reduced stomatal density and correspondingly low stomatal conductance.
Low stomatal density rice lines were more able to conserve water, using c. 60% of the normal amount between weeks 4 and 5 post germination. When grown at elevated atmospheric CO2, rice plants with low stomatal density were able to maintain their stomatal conductance and survive drought and high temperature (40°C) for longer than control plants. Low stomatal density rice gave equivalent or even improved yields, despite a reduced rate of photosynthesis in some conditions.
Rice plants with fewer stomata are drought tolerant and more conservative in their water use, and they should perform better in the future when climate change is expected to threaten food security.

Citation

Caine, R. S., Yin, X., Sloan, J., Harrison, E. L., Mohammed, U., Fulton, T., Biswal, A. K., Dionora, J., Chater, C. C., Coe, R. A., Bandyopadhyay, A., Murchie, E. H., Swarup, R., Quick, W. P., & Gray, J. E. (2019). Rice with reduced stomatal density conserves water and has improved drought tolerance under future climate conditions. New Phytologist, 221(1), 371-384. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15344

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jun 10, 2018
• Online Publication Date: Jul 24, 2018
• Publication Date: Jan 1, 2019
• Deposit Date: Jul 26, 2018
• Publicly Available Date: Jul 26, 2018
• Journal: New Phytologist
• Print ISSN: 0028-646X
• Electronic ISSN: 1469-8137
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 221
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 371-384
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15344
• Keywords: climate change, drought,epidermal pattering factor, heat stress, rice, stomata, water conservation
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/947803
• Publisher URL: https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.15344
• Contract Date: Jul 26, 2018