Contribution of skin and stone to texture measurements of spherical model fruits

Rosenthal, Andrew J.; Lacresse, Alice; Voyer, Emmy

Abstract

Fruits are composite materials often surrounded by a skin and sometimes containing rigid stones (pits). To understand the contribution of skin and stone to the overall texture of the fruit, model fruits were constructed from molded gelatin spheres, with rigid inclusions and a skin layer. Cross polarized light revealed the stress distribution during puncture testing and the mechanical measures of firmness, Poisson's ratio and breaking force were determined. Skin significantly raised the breaking force. Spherical stones raised the firmness—effectively reducing the deformable material in the sphere, resulting in inflated strains. Disc shaped stones compared with spherical ones, with the narrow edge normal to the force acted like an internal blade and significantly lowered the breaking force. Neither skin nor stone had any significant impact on Poisson's ratio. Three examples of real fruit (raspberries, grapes, and cherries) were tested to contextualize the findings.

Citation

Rosenthal, A. J., Lacresse, A., & Voyer, E. (2018). Contribution of skin and stone to texture measurements of spherical model fruits. Journal of Texture Studies, 49(1), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12314

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Dec 1, 2017
• Online Publication Date: Dec 20, 2017
• Publication Date: 2018-02
• Deposit Date: Dec 4, 2017
• Publicly Available Date: Dec 21, 2018
• Journal: Journal of Texture Studies
• Print ISSN: 0022-4901
• Electronic ISSN: 1745-4603
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 49
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 23-29
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12314
• Keywords: fruit texture; firmness; Poisson’s ratio; failure; rupture;breaking force; haptics; somasthesis; psychorheology
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/910176
• Publisher URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jtxs.12314
• Additional Information: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Rosenthal AJ, Lacresse A, Voyer E. Contribution of skin and stone to texture measurements of spherical model fruits. J Texture Stud. 2018;49:23–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12314, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12314. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.