New insights into the role of motion and form vision in neurodevelopmental disorders

Johnston, Richard; Pitchford, Nicola J.; Roach, Neil W.; Ledgeway, Timothy

Abstract

A selective deficit in processing the global (overall) motion, but not form, of spatially extensive objects in the visual scene is frequently associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders, including preterm birth. Existing theories that proposed to explain the origin of this visual impairment are, however, challenged by recent research. In this review, we explore alternative hypotheses for why deficits in the processing of global motion, relative to global form, might arise. We describe recent evidence that has utilised novel tasks of global motion and global form to elucidate the underlying nature of the visual deficit reported in different neurodevelopmental disorders. We also examine the role of IQ and how the sex of an individual can influence performance on these tasks, as these are factors that are associated with performance on global motion tasks, but have not been systematically controlled for in previous studies exploring visual processing in clinical populations. Finally, we suggest that a new theoretical framework is needed for visual processing in neurodevelopmental disorders and present recommendations for future research.

Citation

Johnston, R., Pitchford, N. J., Roach, N. W., & Ledgeway, T. (2017). New insights into the role of motion and form vision in neurodevelopmental disorders. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 83, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.031

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Sep 27, 2017
• Online Publication Date: Sep 28, 2017
• Publication Date: Dec 31, 2017
• Deposit Date: Oct 9, 2017
• Publicly Available Date: Oct 9, 2017
• Journal: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
• Print ISSN: 0149-7634
• Electronic ISSN: 1873-7528
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 83
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.031
• Keywords: Neurodevelopmental disorders, Vision, Motion, Form, Integration, Segmentation, Sex, IQ
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/902608
• Publisher URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763417302129?via%3Dihub
• Contract Date: Oct 9, 2017