Charge-swapping Q-balls in a logarithmic potential and Affleck-Dine condensate fragmentation

Hou, Si Yuan; Saffin, Paul M.; Xie, Qi Xin; Zhou, Shuang Yong

Abstract

We study charge-swapping Q-balls, a kind of composite Q-ball where positive and negative charges co-exist and swap with time, in models with a logarithmic potential that arises naturally in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model. We show that charge-swapping Q-balls can be copiously generated in the Affleck-Dine fragmentation process in the early universe. We find that the charge-swapping Q-balls with the logarithmic potential are extremely stable. By performing long time, parallelized lattice simulations with absorbing boundary conditions, we find that the lifetimes of such objects with low multipoles are at least 4.6 × 105/m in 3+1D and 2.5 × 107/m in 2+1D, where m is the mass scale of the scalar field. We also chart the attractor basin of the initial conditions to form these charge-swapping Q-balls.

Citation

Hou, S. Y., Saffin, P. M., Xie, Q. X., & Zhou, S. Y. (2022). Charge-swapping Q-balls in a logarithmic potential and Affleck-Dine condensate fragmentation. Journal of High Energy Physics, 2022(7), Article 60. https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07%282022%29060

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jun 4, 2022
• Online Publication Date: Jul 11, 2022
• Publication Date: Jul 1, 2022
• Deposit Date: Jul 14, 2022
• Publicly Available Date: Jul 14, 2022
• Journal: Journal of High Energy Physics
• Electronic ISSN: 1029-8479
• Publisher: Springer Verlag
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 2022
• Issue: 7
• Article Number: 60
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07%282022%29060
• Keywords: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/8952352
• Publisher URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP07(2022)060