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Sodium MRI: a new frontier in imaging in nephrology

Francis, Susan T.; Buchanan, Charlotte; Prestwich, Benjamin; Taal, Maarten W.

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Authors

Benjamin Prestwich



Abstract

Purpose of review

This review focuses on the recent technological advances in quantitative sodium (23Na) MRI to provide a noninvasive measure of tissue viability for use in clinical studies of patients with kidney disease. 23Na MRI is the only non-invasive imaging technique that allows for the absolute spatial quantification of tissue sodium concentration (TSC), providing assessment of the corticomedullary sodium gradient (CMSG) in the kidney, and allowing measures of TSC in the skin and muscle.

Recent findings

23Na MRI of the kidney has demonstrated the sensitivity to measure the CMSG, providing the normal range in healthy subjects and demonstrating a reduction in CMSG in kidney disease and transplanted kidneys. Studies using 23Na and 1H MRI have shown that in humans skeletal muscle and skin can store sodium without water retention, and that sodium concentrations in muscle and skin increase with advancing age. Recent studies have shown that TSC can be mobilised during haemodialysis, and that skin sodium content links closely to left ventricular mass in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Summary

23Na MRI is currently a research technique, but with future advances, 23Na MRI has potential to become a noninvasive renal biomarker to measure tissue sodium storage for clinical studies.

Citation

Francis, S. T., Buchanan, C., Prestwich, B., & Taal, M. W. (2017). Sodium MRI: a new frontier in imaging in nephrology. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension, 26(6), 435-441. https://doi.org/10.1097/MNH.0000000000000370

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Aug 25, 2017
Online Publication Date Sep 7, 2017
Publication Date Sep 7, 2017
Deposit Date Oct 23, 2017
Publicly Available Date Sep 8, 2018
Journal Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension
Print ISSN 1062-4821
Electronic ISSN 1473-6543
Publisher Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 26
Issue 6
Pages 435-441
DOI https://doi.org/10.1097/MNH.0000000000000370
Keywords Sodium MRI; Kidney; Skin; Muscle; Clinical
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/891853
Publisher URL http://journals.lww.com/co-nephrolhypertens/Abstract/2017/11000/Sodium_MRI___a_new_frontier_in_imaging_in.2.aspx
Additional Information This is a non-final version of an article published in final form in Sodium MRI: a new frontier in imaging in nephrology Francis, Susana; Buchanan, Charlotte E.A.; Prestwich, Bena; Taal, Maarten W. Current Opinion in Nephrology & Hypertension: November 2017 Volume 26 - Issue 6 - p 435–441 doi: 10.1097/MNH.0000000000000370
Contract Date Oct 23, 2017

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