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Effect of viscosity ratio on the self-sustained instabilities in planar immiscible jets

Tammisola, Outi; Loiseau, Jean-Christophe; Brandt, Luca

Effect of viscosity ratio on the self-sustained instabilities in planar immiscible jets Thumbnail


Authors

Outi Tammisola

Jean-Christophe Loiseau

Luca Brandt



Abstract

Previous studies have shown that intermediate magnitude of surface tension has a counterintuitive destabilizing effect on two-phase planar jets. In the present study, the transition process in confined two-dimensional jets of two fluids with varying viscosity ratio is investigated using direct numerical simulations (DNSs). The outer fluid coflow velocity is 17% of that of the central jet. Neutral curves for the appearance of persistent oscillations are found by recording the norm of the velocity residuals in DNS for over 1000 nondimensional time units or until the signal has reached a constant level in a logarithmic scale, either a converged steady state or a “statistically steady” oscillatory state. Oscillatory final states are found for all viscosity ratios ranging from 10−1 to 10. For uniform viscosity (m=1), the first bifurcation is through a surface-tension-driven global instability. On the other hand, for low viscosity of the outer fluid, there is a mode competition between a steady asymmetric Coanda-type attachment mode and the surface-tension-induced mode. At moderate surface tension, the first bifurcation is through the Coanda-type attachment, which eventually triggers time-dependent convective bursts. At high surface tension, the first bifurcation is through the surface-tension-dominated mode. For high viscosity of the outer fluid, persistent oscillations appear due to a strong convective instability, although it is shown that absolute instability may be possible at even higher viscosity ratios. Finally, we show that the jet is still convectively and absolutely unstable far from the inlet when the shear profile is nearly constant. Comparing this situation to a parallel Couette flow (without inflection points), we show that in both flows, a hidden interfacial mode brought out by surface tension becomes temporally and absolutely unstable in an intermediate Weber and Reynolds regime. By an energy analysis of the Couette flow case, we show that surface tension, although dissipative, can induce a velocity field near the interface that extracts energy from the flow through a viscous mechanism. This study highlights the rich dynamics of immiscible planar uniform-density jets, where different self-sustained and convective mechanisms compete and the nature of the instability depends on the exact parameter values.

Citation

Tammisola, O., Loiseau, J., & Brandt, L. (2017). Effect of viscosity ratio on the self-sustained instabilities in planar immiscible jets. Physical Review Fluids, 2(3), Article 033903. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.033903

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Feb 17, 2017
Publication Date Mar 21, 2017
Deposit Date Mar 31, 2017
Publicly Available Date Mar 28, 2024
Journal Physical Review Fluids
Electronic ISSN 2469-990X
Publisher American Physical Society
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 2
Issue 3
Article Number 033903
DOI https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.033903
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/851510
Publisher URL https://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.033903

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