Decellularized bone extracellular matrix and human dental pulp stem cells as a construct for bone regeneration

Paduano, Francesco; Marrelli, Massimo; Alom, Noura; Amer, Mahetab H.; White, Lisa J.; Shakesheff, Kevin M.; Tatullo, Marco

Abstract

Dental pulp tissue represents a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that have a strong differentiation potential towards the osteogenic lineage. The objective of the current study was to examine in vitro osteogenic induction of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) cultured on hydrogel scaffolds derived from decellularized bone extracellular matrix (bECM) compared to collagen type I (Col-I), the major component of bone matrix. DPSCs in combination with bECM hydrogels were cultured under three different conditions: basal medium, osteogenic medium and medium supplemented with growth factors (GFs) and cell growth, mineral deposition, gene and protein expression were investigated. The DPSCs/bECM hydrogel constructs cultured in basal medium showed that cells were viable after three weeks and that the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX-2) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) were significantly upregulated in the absence of extra osteogenic inducers compared to Col-I hydrogel scaffolds. In addition, the protein expression levels of BSP and osteocalcin (OCN) were higher on bECM with respect to Col-I hydrogel scaffolds. Furthermore, DPSCs/bECM hydrogels cultured with osteogenic or GFs supplemented medium displayed a higher upregulation of the osteo-specific markers compared to Col-I hydrogels in identical media. Collectively, our results demonstrate that bECM hydrogels might be considered as suitable scaffolds to support osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs

Citation

Paduano, F., Marrelli, M., Alom, N., Amer, M. H., White, L. J., Shakesheff, K. M., & Tatullo, M. (in press). Decellularized bone extracellular matrix and human dental pulp stem cells as a construct for bone regeneration. Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 28(8), https://doi.org/10.1080/09205063.2017.1301770

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Feb 22, 2017
• Online Publication Date: Mar 13, 2017
• Deposit Date: Sep 15, 2017
• Publicly Available Date: Sep 15, 2017
• Journal: Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition
• Print ISSN: 0920-5063
• Electronic ISSN: 1568-5624
• Publisher: Taylor & Francis Open
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 28
• Issue: 8
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09205063.2017.1301770
• Keywords: Bone extracellular matrix (bECM); dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs); hydrogels; scaffolds; bone regeneration
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/850125
• Publisher URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09205063.2017.1301770?journalCode=tbsp20
• Additional Information: This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition on 13 March 2017, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/09205063.2017.1301770.