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The influenza NS1 protein: what do we know in equine influenza virus pathogenesis?

Barba, Marta; Daly, Janet M.

Authors

Marta Barba

Janet M. Daly



Abstract

Equine influenza virus remains a serious health and potential economic problem throughout most parts of the world, despite intensive vaccination programs in some horse populations. The influenza non-structural protein 1 (NS1) has multiple functions involved in the regulation of several cellular and viral processes during influenza infection. We review the strategies that NS1 uses to facilitate virus replication and inhibit antiviral responses in the host, including sequestering of double-stranded RNA, direct modulation of protein kinase R activity and inhibition of transcription and translation of host antiviral response genes such as type I interferon. Details are provided regarding what it is known about NS1 in equine influenza, especially concerning C-terminal truncation. Further research is needed to determine the role of NS1 in equine influenza infection, which will help to understand the pathophysiology of complicated cases related to cytokine imbalance and secondary bacterial infection, and to investigate new therapeutic and vaccination strategies.

Citation

Barba, M., & Daly, J. M. (2016). The influenza NS1 protein: what do we know in equine influenza virus pathogenesis?. Pathogens, 5(3), Article 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens5030057

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Aug 27, 2016
Publication Date Aug 31, 2016
Deposit Date Sep 1, 2016
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Pathogens
Electronic ISSN 2076-0817
Publisher MDPI
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 5
Issue 3
Article Number 57
DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens5030057
Keywords Non-structural protein; Equine influenza; Pathogenicity; Interspecies transmission
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/803515
Publisher URL http://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/5/3/57

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