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Re-starting smoking in the postpartum period after receiving a smoking cessation intervention: a systematic review

Jones, Matthew; Lewis, Sarah; Parrott, Steve; Wormall, Stephen; Coleman, Tim

Re-starting smoking in the postpartum period after receiving a smoking cessation intervention: a systematic review Thumbnail


Authors

Dr MATTHEW JONES MATTHEW.JONES3@NOTTINGHAM.AC.UK
Assistant Professor in Health Economics

Steve Parrott

Stephen Wormall

TIM COLEMAN tim.coleman@nottingham.ac.uk
Professor of Primary Care



Abstract

Aims: In pregnant smoking cessation trial participants, to estimate (1) among women abstinent at the end of pregnancy, the proportion who re-start smoking at time-points afterwards (primary analysis) and (2) among all trial participants, the proportion smoking at the end of pregnancy and at selected time-points during the postpartum period (secondary analysis).
Methods: Trials identified from two Cochrane reviews plus searches of Medline and EMBASE. Twenty-seven trials were included. The included trials were randomized or quasi-randomized trials of within-pregnancy cessation interventions given to smokers who reported abstinence both at end of pregnancy and at one or more defined time-points after birth. Outcomes were validated biochemically and self-reported continuous abstinence from smoking and 7-day point prevalence abstinence. The primary random-effects meta-analysis used longitudinal data to estimate mean pooled proportions of re-starting smoking; a secondary analysis used cross-sectional data to estimate the mean proportions smoking at different postpartum time-points. Subgroup analyses were performed on biochemically validated abstinence.
Results: The pooled mean proportion re-starting at 6 months postpartum was 43% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 16–72%, I2 = 96.7%] (11 trials, 571 abstinent women). The pooled mean proportion smoking at the end of pregnancy was 87% (95% CI = 84–90%, I2 = 93.2%) and 94% (95% CI = 92–96%, I2 = 88%) at 6 months postpartum (23 trials, 9262 trial participants). Findings were similar when using biochemically validated abstinence.
Conclusions: In clinical trials of smoking cessation interventions during pregnancy only 13% are abstinent at term. Of these, 43% re-start by 6 months postpartum.

Citation

Jones, M., Lewis, S., Parrott, S., Wormall, S., & Coleman, T. (2016). Re-starting smoking in the postpartum period after receiving a smoking cessation intervention: a systematic review. Addiction, 111(6), 981-990. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13309

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Jan 4, 2016
Online Publication Date Mar 16, 2016
Publication Date May 9, 2016
Deposit Date Mar 21, 2016
Publicly Available Date Mar 21, 2016
Journal Addiction
Print ISSN 0965-2140
Electronic ISSN 1360-0443
Publisher Wiley
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 111
Issue 6
Pages 981-990
DOI https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13309
Keywords Meta-analysis, postpartum period, pregnancy, randomized controlled trial, re-starting smoking, smoking,smoking cessation, smoking cessation interventions, systematic review, tobacco
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/790806
Publisher URL http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/add.13309/abstract
Additional Information This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Jones, M., Lewis, S., Parrott, S., Wormall, S., and Coleman, T. (2016) Re-starting smoking in the postpartum period after receiving a smoking cessation intervention: a systematic review. Addiction, 111: 981–990, which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/add.13309/abstract . This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Contract Date Mar 21, 2016

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