Edward J. M. Joy
Dietary calcium and zinc deficiency risks are decreasing but remain prevalent
Joy, Edward J. M.; Kumssa, Diriba B.; Joy, Edward J.M.; Ander, E. Louise; Watts, Michael J.; Young, Scott D.; Walker, Sue; Broadley, Martin R.
Authors
Dr DIRIBA KUMSSA DIRIBA.KUMSSA1@NOTTINGHAM.AC.UK
Leverhulme Research Fellow
Edward J.M. Joy
LOUISE ANDER Louise.Ander1@nottingham.ac.uk
Principal Research Fellow
Michael J. Watts
Scott D. Young
Sue Walker
MARTIN BROADLEY MARTIN.BROADLEY@NOTTINGHAM.AC.UK
Professor of Plant Nutrition
Abstract
Globally, more than 800 million people are undernourished while >2 billion people have one or more chronic micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs). More than 6% of global mortality and morbidity burdens are associated with undernourishment and MNDs. Here we show that, in 2011, 3.5 and 1.1 billion people were at risk of calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn) deficiency respectively due to inadequate dietary supply. The global mean dietary supply of Ca and Zn in 2011 was 684 ± 211 and 16 ± 3 mg capita−1 d−1 (±SD) respectively. Between 1992 and 2011, global risk of deficiency of Ca and Zn decreased from 76 to 51%, and 22 to 16%, respectively. Approximately 90% of those at risk of Ca and Zn deficiency in 2011 were in Africa and Asia. To our knowledge, these are the first global estimates of dietary Ca deficiency risks based on food supply. We conclude that continuing to reduce Ca and Zn deficiency risks through dietary diversification and food and agricultural interventions including fortification, crop breeding and use of micronutrient fertilisers will remain a significant challenge.
Citation
Joy, E. J. M., Kumssa, D. B., Joy, E. J., Ander, E. L., Watts, M. J., Young, S. D., …Broadley, M. R. (2015). Dietary calcium and zinc deficiency risks are decreasing but remain prevalent. Scientific Reports, 5(1), Article 10974. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep10974
Journal Article Type | Article |
---|---|
Acceptance Date | Mar 30, 2015 |
Online Publication Date | Jun 22, 2015 |
Publication Date | 2015-09 |
Deposit Date | Nov 15, 2016 |
Publicly Available Date | Nov 15, 2016 |
Journal | Scientific Reports |
Electronic ISSN | 2045-2322 |
Publisher | Nature Research |
Peer Reviewed | Peer Reviewed |
Volume | 5 |
Issue | 1 |
Article Number | 10974 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1038/srep10974 |
Public URL | https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/754002 |
Publisher URL | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep10974 |
Contract Date | Nov 15, 2016 |
Files
srep10974.pdf
(2 Mb)
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Copyright Statement
Copyright information regarding this work can be found at the following address: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
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