Clostridioides difficile epidemiology in India

Monaghan, Tanya M.; Biswas, Rima; Satav, Ashish; Ambalkar, Shrikant; Kashyap, Rajpal Singh

Abstract

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) continues to affect hospitalized patients and community populations worldwide. In contrast to the substantial resources invested in the diagnosis and prevention of CDI in high-income countries, this anaerobic toxigenic bacterium has been largely overlooked in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) such as India, where there remains a paucity of epidemiologic data evaluating the burden of CDI. Extensive multi-institutional studies describing C. difficile epidemiology in India have not yet been performed. Given recent economic growth in many Asian countries, with aging populations, increased access to healthcare and widespread inappropriate use of antimicrobials, C. difficile is likely to be highly prevalent and causing significant disease burden. Greater efforts are required to enhance awareness of this neglected pathogen, through educating healthcare practitioners to test for CDI. There is also an urgent need to strengthen laboratory capacity, and ideally establish a national reference laboratory, to help facilitate a greater understanding of the molecular epidemiology of CDI in India and other LMICs.

This mini-review aims to summarize the existing research evaluating the burden of CDI in humans and the environment in India.

Citation

Monaghan, T. M., Biswas, R., Satav, A., Ambalkar, S., & Kashyap, R. S. (2022). Clostridioides difficile epidemiology in India. Anaerobe, 74, Article 102517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102517

• Journal Article Type: Review
• Acceptance Date: Jan 14, 2022
• Online Publication Date: Jan 19, 2022
• Publication Date: 2022-04
• Deposit Date: Jan 18, 2022
• Publicly Available Date: Jan 20, 2023
• Journal: Anaerobe
• Print ISSN: 1075-9964
• Electronic ISSN: 1095-8274
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 74
• Article Number: 102517
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102517
• Keywords: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea; Clostridioides difficile; C. difficile infection; epidemiology; India
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/7277453
• Publisher URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1075996422000051