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Remote conditioning or erythropoietin before surgery primes kidneys to clear ischemia-reperfusion-damaged cells: a renoprotective mechanism?

Gardner, David S.; Welham, Simon J.M.; Dunford, Louise J.; McCulloch, Thomas A.; Hodi, Zsolt; Sleeman, Philippa; O'Sullivan, Saoirse; Devonald, Mark A.J.

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Authors

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DAVID GARDNER DAVID.GARDNER@NOTTINGHAM.AC.UK
Professor of Physiology

Louise J. Dunford

Thomas A. McCulloch

Zsolt Hodi

Philippa Sleeman

Saoirse O'Sullivan

Mark A.J. Devonald



Abstract

Acute kidney injury is common, serious with no specific treatment. Ischemia-reperfusion is a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). Clinical trials suggest that preoperative erythropoietin (EPO) or remote ischemic preconditioning may have a renoprotective effect. Using a porcine model of warm ischemia-reperfusion-induced AKI (40-min bilateral cross-clamping of renal arteries, 48-h reperfusion), we examined the renoprotective efficacy of EPO (1,000 iu/kg iv.) or remote ischemic preconditioning (3 cycles, 5-min inflation/deflation to 200 mmHg of a hindlimb sphygmomanometer cuff). Ischemia-reperfusion induced significant kidney injury at 24 and 48 h (?(2), 1 degree of freedom, >10 for 6/7 histopathological features). At 2 h, a panel of biomarkers including plasma creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and IL-1?, and urinary albumin:creatinine could be used to predict histopathological injury. Ischemia-reperfusion increased cell proliferation and apoptosis in the renal cortex but, for pretreated groups, the apoptotic cells were predominantly intratubular rather than interstitial. At 48-h reperfusion, plasma IL-1? and the number of subcapsular cells in G2-M arrest were reduced after preoperative EPO, but not after remote ischemic preconditioning. These data suggest an intrarenal mechanism acting within cortical cells that may underpin a renoprotective function for preoperative EPO and, to a limited extent, remote ischemic preconditioning. Despite equivocal longer-term outcomes in clinical studies investigating EPO as a renoprotective agent in AKI, optimal clinical dosing and administration have not been established. Our data suggest further clinical studies on the potential renoprotective effect of EPO and remote ischemic preconditioning are justified.

Citation

Gardner, D. S., Welham, S. J., Dunford, L. J., McCulloch, T. A., Hodi, Z., Sleeman, P., …Devonald, M. A. (2014). Remote conditioning or erythropoietin before surgery primes kidneys to clear ischemia-reperfusion-damaged cells: a renoprotective mechanism?. AJP - Renal Physiology, 306(8), F873-F884. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00576.2013

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Feb 10, 2014
Online Publication Date Apr 15, 2014
Publication Date Apr 15, 2014
Deposit Date May 22, 2015
Publicly Available Date Mar 28, 2024
Journal American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology
Electronic ISSN 1522-1466
Publisher American Physiological Society
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 306
Issue 8
Pages F873-F884
DOI https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00576.2013
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/726967
Publisher URL http://ajprenal.physiology.org/content/306/8/F873

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