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Neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia

Palaniyappan, Lena; Simmonite, M.; White, T.P.; Liddle, E.B.; Liddle, P.F.

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Authors

Lena Palaniyappan

M. Simmonite

T.P. White

E.B. Liddle

P.F. Liddle



Abstract

For effective information processing, two large-scale distributed neural networks appear to be critical: a multimodal executive system anchored on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and a salience system anchored on the anterior insula. Aberrant interaction among distributed networks is a feature of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. We used whole-brain Granger causal modeling using resting fMRI and observed a significant failure of both the feedforward and reciprocal influence between the insula and the DLPFC in schizophrenia. Further, a significant failure of directed influence from bilateral visual cortices to the insula was also seen in patients. These findings provide compelling evidence for a breakdown of the salience-execution loop in the clinical expression of psychosis. In addition, this offers a parsimonious explanation for the often-observed “frontal inefficiency,” the failure to recruit prefrontal system when salient or novel information becomes available in patients with schizophrenia.

Citation

Palaniyappan, L., Simmonite, M., White, T., Liddle, E., & Liddle, P. (2013). Neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia. Neuron, 79(4), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2013.06.027

Journal Article Type Article
Publication Date Aug 21, 2013
Deposit Date Apr 2, 2014
Publicly Available Date Apr 2, 2014
Journal Neuron
Print ISSN 0896-6273
Electronic ISSN 1097-4199
Publisher Elsevier
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 79
Issue 4
DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2013.06.027
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/716930
Publisher URL http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627313005436#

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