Neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia

Palaniyappan, Lena; Simmonite, M.; White, T.P.; Liddle, E.B.; Liddle, P.F.

Abstract

For effective information processing, two large-scale distributed neural networks appear to be critical: a multimodal executive system anchored on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and a salience system anchored on the anterior insula. Aberrant interaction among distributed networks is a feature of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. We used whole-brain Granger causal modeling using resting fMRI and observed a significant failure of both the feedforward and reciprocal influence between the insula and the DLPFC in schizophrenia. Further, a significant failure of directed influence from bilateral visual cortices to the insula was also seen in patients. These findings provide compelling evidence for a breakdown of the salience-execution loop in the clinical expression of psychosis. In addition, this offers a parsimonious explanation for the often-observed “frontal inefficiency,” the failure to recruit prefrontal system when salient or novel information becomes available in patients with schizophrenia.

Citation

Palaniyappan, L., Simmonite, M., White, T., Liddle, E., & Liddle, P. (2013). Neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia. Neuron, 79(4), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2013.06.027

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Publication Date: Aug 21, 2013
• Deposit Date: Apr 2, 2014
• Publicly Available Date: Apr 2, 2014
• Journal: Neuron
• Print ISSN: 0896-6273
• Electronic ISSN: 0896-6273
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 79
• Issue: 4
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2013.06.027
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/716930
• Publisher URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627313005436#