Constitutional morphological features and risk of hip osteoarthritis: a case–control study using standard radiographs

Abdulrahim, Hunar; Jiao, Qiang; Swain, Subhashisa; Sehat, Khosrow; Sarmanova, Aliya; Muir, Kenneth; Zhang, Weiya; Doherty, Michael

Abstract

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. Objectives: To evaluate the risk of association with hip osteoarthritis (OA) of 14 morphological features measured on standard antero-posterior pelvis radiographs. Methods: A case-control study of 566 symptomatic unilateral hip OA cases and 1108 controls without hip OA, using the Genetics of OA and Lifestyle database. Unaffected hips of cases were assumed to reflect pre-OA morphology of the contralateral affected hip. ORs with 95% CI adjusted for confounding factors were calculated using logistic regression. Hierarchical clustering on principal component method was used to identify clusters of morphological features. Proportional risk contribution (PRC) of these morphological features in the context of other risk factors of hip OA was estimated using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results: All morphological features showed right-left symmetry in controls. Each feature was associated with hip OA after adjusting for age, gender and body mass index. Increased sourcil angle had the strongest association (OR: 6.93, 95% CI 5.16 to 9.32). Three clusters were identified. The PRC varied between individual features, as well as between clusters. It was 35% (95% CI 31% to 40%) for all 14 morphological features, compared to 21% (95% CI 19% to 24%) for all other well-established risk factors. Conclusions: Constitutional morphological variation strongly associates with hip OA development and may explain much of its heritability. Relevant morphological measures can be assessed readily on standard radiographs to help predict risk of hip OA. Prospective studies are required to provide further support for causality.

Citation

Abdulrahim, H., Jiao, Q., Swain, S., Sehat, K., Sarmanova, A., Muir, K., …Doherty, M. (2021). Constitutional morphological features and risk of hip osteoarthritis: a case–control study using standard radiographs. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 80(4), 494-501. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218739

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Nov 7, 2020
• Online Publication Date: Nov 23, 2020
• Publication Date: 2021-04
• Deposit Date: Nov 20, 2020
• Publicly Available Date: Nov 23, 2020
• Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
• Print ISSN: 0003-4967
• Electronic ISSN: 1468-2060
• Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 80
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 494-501
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218739
• Keywords: Osteoarthritis; Arthritis; Epidemiology
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/5055234
• Publisher URL: https://ard.bmj.com/content/early/2020/11/22/annrheumdis-2020-218739
• Additional Information: © Authors (or their employer(s)); This article has been accepted for publication in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 2020 following peer review, and the Version of Record can be accessed online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218739.