What are the barriers to upper limb splint adherence, and how is adherence measured? A systematic review

Bamford, Emma; Mawhinney, Jamie A; Johnson, Nick; Shelton, Ian; Drummond, Avril

Abstract

Introduction
Non-adherence to splint wearing following an upper limb traumatic injury is a significant medical issue. Optimal outcome following such injuries relies on people adhering to the prescribed splint, and a failure to do so can negatively impact outcome and increase healthcare burden and costs. This systematic review aims to compare and synthesise the evidence related to measuring adherence to wear recommendations and the barriers to splint wearing following upper limb trauma in adults.
Methods
Databases (EBSCO, PubMed, EMBASE and Science Direct) were systematically searched for articles that met the pre-agreed eligibility criteria between February and May 2023. Data on study characteristics and reported outcomes relating to measuring and quantifying splint adherence and barriers to adherence were extracted.
Results
A total of 16 articles were included for final review. Several methods were used to measure adherence, with no single tool used predominantly. These included patient or therapist reported data, preexisting classification systems and an electronic device. Methods used to quantify adherence was also heterogenous in nature, and a range of investigator and patient reported barriers to splint wearing were reported.
Conclusion
This review demonstrates heterogeneity in both classifying and measuring splint adherence, as well as in the barriers to splint wearing reported. Moving forward, using agreed measurement and reporting practices for splint adherence will enable researchers to complete high quality trials to determine splinting outcomes, and may ultimately enable health care professionals to improve adherence and, subsequently, outcomes in clinical practice.

Citation

Bamford, E., Mawhinney, J. A., Johnson, N., Shelton, I., & Drummond, A. (2024). What are the barriers to upper limb splint adherence, and how is adherence measured? A systematic review. Hand Therapy, https://doi.org/10.1177/17589983241268069

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: May 24, 2024
• Online Publication Date: Aug 12, 2024
• Publication Date: Aug 12, 2024
• Deposit Date: May 30, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: May 30, 2024
• Journal: Hand Therapy
• Print ISSN: 1758-9983
• Electronic ISSN: 1758-9991
• Publisher: SAGE Publications
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/17589983241268069
• Keywords: Splint; adherence; systematic review; hand therapy
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/35438129
• Publisher URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/17589983241268069