The continuous combustion of glycerol in a fluidised bed

Gibson, Ian; Slim, Chris J.; Zheng, Yaoyao; Scott, Stuart A.; Davidson, John F.; Hayhurst, Allan N.

Abstract

It is difficult to burn a liquid fuel inside a fluidised bed. For the first time, liquid glycerol has been burned, when continuously injected into the bottom of an electrically heated bed of alumina particles (sieved to 355–425 µm), fluidised by air. The temperature in the bed was held at 700, 800 or 900 °C; usually (U/Umf) was 2.5. The bed's depth was varied, as also were (U/Umf) and the ratio of fuel to air supplied to the bed. Measurements were made of the concentrations of CH4, O2, CO and CO2, and also of the temperature, in the freeboard well above the bed. On entering the bed, the liquid glycerol rapidly formed bubbles of vapour, which quickly decomposed thermally, yielding mostly CO and H2. These gases then mixed with the other gases in the bed. It appears that the diffusive H2 mainly burns between the fluidised particles. With the bed at 700–900 °C, no CO was detected far downstream of the bed, provided the equivalence ratio, θ, was below 0.7, i.e., with more than 43% excess air. Under these fuel-lean conditions, all the carbon in the glycerol was oxidised to CO2. However, in a more fuel-rich situation, with θ > 0.7, CO was detected well above the bed, particularly with a deeper bed, at a lower temperature and operating more fuel-rich. Thus, with the bed at 900 °C, CO was mostly oxidised inside the bed, but occasionally some CO burned on top of the bed. When a fuel-rich bed was below ≈ 850 °C, not all the CO burned in the bed. Achieving complete combustion inside a fluidised bed is partly a problem of mixing the products of glycerol's thermal decomposition with the fluidising air, which on entry exists mainly in bubbles. Consequently, increasing (U/Umf) promoted both mixing and combustion in a bed. In addition, in-bed combustion requires the bed to be sufficiently deep, hotter than ≈ 850 °C and θ to be less than a critical value. The effects of other variables are discussed.

Citation

Gibson, I., Slim, C. J., Zheng, Y., Scott, S. A., Davidson, J. F., & Hayhurst, A. N. (2019). The continuous combustion of glycerol in a fluidised bed. Combustion and Flame, 200, 60-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2018.10.021

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Oct 18, 2018
• Online Publication Date: Dec 13, 2018
• Publication Date: 2019-02
• Deposit Date: Apr 3, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Apr 24, 2024
• Journal: Combustion and Flame
• Print ISSN: 0010-2180
• Electronic ISSN: 1556-2921
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 200
• Pages: 60-68
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2018.10.021
• Keywords: Fluidised bed combustion, Combustion of liquids, Combustion of glycerol, Mixing in fluidised beds
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/32757537
• Publisher URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010218018304486?via%3Dihub