Bi2Se3 interlayer treatments affecting the Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) platinum spin Seebeck effect

Hu, Yaoyang; Weir, Michael P.; Pereira, H. Jessica; Amin, Oliver J.; Pitcairn, Jem; Cliffe, Matthew J.; Rushforth, Andrew W.; Kunakova, Gunta; Niherysh, Kiryl; Korolkov, Vladimir; Kertfoot, James; Makarovsky, Oleg; Woodward, Simon

Abstract

In this work, we present a method to enhance the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect at platinum/yttrium iron garnet (Pt/YIG) interfaces. The introduction of a partial interlayer of bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3, 2.5% surface coverage) interfaces significantly increases (by ∼380%–690%) the spin Seebeck coefficient over equivalent Pt/YIG control devices. Optimal devices are prepared by transferring Bi2Se3 nanoribbons, prepared under anaerobic conditions, onto the YIG (111) chips followed by rapid over-coating with Pt. The deposited Pt/Bi2Se3 nanoribbon/YIG assembly is characterized by scanning electron microscope. The expected elemental compositions of Bi2Se3 and YIG are confirmed by energy dispersive x-ray analysis. A spin Seebeck coefficient of 0.34–0.62 μV/K for Pt/Bi2Se3/YIG is attained for our devices, compared to just 0.09 μV/K for Pt/YIG controls at a 12 K thermal gradient and a magnetic field swept from −50 to +50 mT. Superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer studies indicate that the magnetic moment of Pt/Bi2Se3/YIG treated chips is increased by ∼4% vs control Pt/YIG chips (i.e., a significant increase vs the ±0.06% chip mass reproducibility). Increased surface magnetization is also detected in magnetic force microscope studies of Pt/Bi2Se3/YIG, suggesting that the enhancement of spin injection is associated with the presence of Bi2Se3 nanoribbons.

Citation

Hu, Y., Weir, M. P., Pereira, H. J., Amin, O. J., Pitcairn, J., Cliffe, M. J., Rushforth, A. W., Kunakova, G., Niherysh, K., Korolkov, V., Kertfoot, J., Makarovsky, O., & Woodward, S. (2023). Bi2Se3 interlayer treatments affecting the Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) platinum spin Seebeck effect. Applied Physics Letters, 123(22), Article 223902. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0157778

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Nov 2, 2023
• Online Publication Date: Nov 28, 2023
• Publication Date: Nov 27, 2023
• Deposit Date: Jan 22, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Jan 23, 2024
• Journal: Applied Physics Letters
• Print ISSN: 0003-6951
• Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
• Publisher: American Institute of Physics
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 123
• Issue: 22
• Article Number: 223902
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0157778
• Keywords: Spintronics, Superconducting quantum interference device, Ferromagnetism, Magnetic materials, Magnetic dipole moment, Magnetic fields, Scanning electron microscopy, Thermoelectric materials, Nanoribbons, Transition metals
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/27871822
• Publisher URL: https://pubs.aip.org/aip/apl/article/123/22/223902/2924895/Bi2Se3-interlayer-treatments-affecting-the