Bi2Se3 interlayer treatments affecting the Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) platinum spin Seebeck effect

Hu, Yaoyang; Weir, Michael P.; Pereira, H. Jessica; Amin, Oliver J.; Pitcairn, Jem; Cliffe, Matthew J.; Rushforth, Andrew W.; Kunakova, Gunta; Niherysh, Kiryl; Korolkov, Vladimir; Kertfoot, James; Makarovsky, Oleg; Woodward, Simon

Abstract

In this work, we present a method to enhance the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect at platinum/yttrium iron garnet (Pt/YIG) interfaces. The introduction of a partial interlayer of bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3, 2.5% surface coverage) interfaces significantly increases (by ∼380%–690%) the spin Seebeck coefficient over equivalent Pt/YIG control devices. Optimal devices are prepared by transferring Bi2Se3 nanoribbons, prepared under anaerobic conditions, onto the YIG (111) chips followed by rapid over-coating with Pt. The deposited Pt/Bi2Se3 nanoribbon/YIG assembly is characterized by scanning electron microscope. The expected elemental compositions of Bi2Se3 and YIG are confirmed by energy dispersive x-ray analysis. A spin Seebeck coefficient of 0.34–0.62 μV/K for Pt/Bi2Se3/YIG is attained for our devices, compared to just 0.09 μV/K for Pt/YIG controls at a 12 K thermal gradient and a magnetic field swept from −50 to +50 mT. Superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer studies indicate that the magnetic moment of Pt/Bi2Se3/YIG treated chips is increased by ∼4% vs control Pt/YIG chips (i.e., a significant increase vs the ±0.06% chip mass reproducibility). Increased surface magnetization is also detected in magnetic force microscope studies of Pt/Bi2Se3/YIG, suggesting that the enhancement of spin injection is associated with the presence of Bi2Se3 nanoribbons.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Nov 2, 2023
• Online Publication Date: Nov 28, 2023
• Publication Date: Nov 27, 2023
• Deposit Date: Jan 22, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Jan 23, 2024
• Journal: Applied Physics Letters
• Print ISSN: 0003-6951
• Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
• Publisher: American Institute of Physics
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 123
• Issue: 22
• Article Number: 223902
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0157778
• Keywords: Spintronics, Superconducting quantum interference device, Ferromagnetism, Magnetic materials, Magnetic dipole moment, Magnetic fields, Scanning electron microscopy, Thermoelectric materials, Nanoribbons, Transition metals
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/27871822
• Publisher URL: https://pubs.aip.org/aip/apl/article/123/22/223902/2924895/Bi2Se3-interlayer-treatments-affecting-the