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New perspectives on iron uptake in eukaryotes

Sherman, Harry G.; Jovanovic, Carolyn; Stolnik, Snow; Baronian, Kim; Downard, Alison J.; Rawson, Frankie J.

Authors

Harry G. Sherman

Carolyn Jovanovic

Snow Stolnik

Kim Baronian

Alison J. Downard



Abstract

All eukaryotic organisms require iron to function. Malfunctions within iron homeostasis have a range of physiological consequences, and can lead to the development of pathological conditions that can result in an excess of non-transferrin bound iron (NTBI). Despite extensive understanding of iron homeostasis, the links between the “macroscopic” transport of iron across biological barriers (cellular membranes) and the chemistry of redox changes that drive these processes still needs elucidating. This review draws conclusions from the current literature, and describes some of the underlying biophysical and biochemical processes that occur in iron homeostasis. By first taking a broad view of iron uptake within the gut and subsequent delivery to tissues, in addition to describing the transferrin and non-transferrin mediated components of these processes, we provide a base of knowledge from which we further explore NTBI uptake. We provide concise up-to-date information of the transplasma electron transport systems (tPMETSs) involved within NTBI uptake, and highlight how these systems are not only involved within NTBI uptake for detoxification but also may play a role within the reduction of metabolic stress through regeneration of intracellular NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+ levels. Furthermore, we illuminate the thermodynamics that governs iron transport, namely the redox potential cascade and electrochemical behavior of key components of the electron transport systems that facilitate the movement of electrons across the plasma membrane to the extracellular compartment. We also take account of kinetic changes that occur to transport iron into the cell, namely membrane dipole change and their consequent effects within membrane structure that act to facilitate transport of ions.

Citation

Sherman, H. G., Jovanovic, C., Stolnik, S., Baronian, K., Downard, A. J., & Rawson, F. J. (2018). New perspectives on iron uptake in eukaryotes. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, 5(NOV), Article 97. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2018.00097

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Oct 23, 2018
Online Publication Date Nov 19, 2018
Publication Date Nov 19, 2018
Deposit Date Nov 21, 2018
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences
Electronic ISSN 2296-889X
Publisher Frontiers Media
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 5
Issue NOV
Article Number 97
DOI https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2018.00097
Keywords Iron; Transplasma membrane electron transport systems (tPMETS); Plasma membrane oxidoreductase system; Redox, non-transferrin bound iron; Electron transfer; Transferrin
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1295042
Publisher URL https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2018.00097/full

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