Camellia sinensis solvent extract, epigallocatechin gallate and caffeine confer trophocidal and cysticidal effects against Acanthamoeba castellanii

Fakae, Lenu B.; Harun, Mohammad S.R.; Ting, Darren Shu Jeng; Dua, Harminder S.; Cave, Gareth W.V.; Zhu, Xing Quan; Stevenson, Carl W.; Elsheikha, Hany M.

Abstract

We examined the anti-acanthamoebic efficacy of green tea Camellia sinensis solvent extract (SE) or its chemical constituents against Acanthamoeba castellanii by using anti-trophozoite, anti-encystation, and anti-excystation assays. C. sinensis SE (625–5000 µg/mL) inhibited trophozoite replication within 24–72 h. C. sinensis SE exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of encystation, with a marked cysticidal activity at 2500–5000 µg/mL. Two constituents of C. sinensis, namely epigallocatechin-3-gallate and caffeine, at 100 μM and 200 μM respectively, significantly inhibited both trophozoite replication and encystation. Cytotoxicity analysis showed that 156.25–2500 µg/mL of SE was not toxic to human corneal epithelial cells, while up to 625 µg/mL was not toxic to Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. This study shows the anti-acanthamoebic potential of C. sinensis SE against A. castellanii trophozoites and cysts. Pre-clinical studies are required to elucidate the in vivo efficacy and safety of C. sinensis SE.

Citation

Fakae, L. B., Harun, M. S., Ting, D. S. J., Dua, H. S., Cave, G. W., Zhu, X. Q., Stevenson, C. W., & Elsheikha, H. M. (2023). Camellia sinensis solvent extract, epigallocatechin gallate and caffeine confer trophocidal and cysticidal effects against Acanthamoeba castellanii. Acta Tropica, 237, Article 106729. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106729

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Oct 19, 2022
• Online Publication Date: Oct 21, 2022
• Publication Date: Jan 1, 2023
• Deposit Date: Oct 26, 2022
• Publicly Available Date: Oct 27, 2022
• Journal: Acta Tropica
• Print ISSN: 0001-706X
• Electronic ISSN: 1873-6254
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 237
• Article Number: 106729
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106729
• Keywords: Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Insect Science; Veterinary (miscellaneous)
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/12624552
• Publisher URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001706X22004211?via%3Dihub