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A Qualitative Evaluation of the Barriers and Enablers for Implementation of an Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Testing Service at the University of Nottingham: A Multi-Site Higher Education Setting in England

Blake, Holly; Somerset, Sarah; Mahmood, Ikra; Mahmood, Neelam; Corner, Jessica; Ball, Jonathan K.; Denning, Chris

A Qualitative Evaluation of the Barriers and Enablers for Implementation of an Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Testing Service at the University of Nottingham: A Multi-Site Higher Education Setting in England Thumbnail


Authors

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HOLLY BLAKE holly.blake@nottingham.ac.uk
Professor of Behavioural Medicine

Ikra Mahmood

Neelam Mahmood

Jessica Corner

JONATHAN BALL jonathan.ball@nottingham.ac.uk
Professor of Molecular Virology

CHRIS DENNING chris.denning@nottingham.ac.uk
Professor of Stem Cell Biology



Abstract

Asymptomatic testing for SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been used to prevent and manage COVID-19 outbreaks in university settings, but few studies have explored their implementation. The aim of the study was to evaluate how an accredited asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 testing service (ATS) was implemented at the University of Nottingham, a multi-campus university in England, to identify barriers and enablers of implementation and to draw out lessons for implementing pandemic response initiatives in higher education settings. A qualitative interview study was conducted with 25 ATS personnel between May and July 2022. Interviews were conducted online, audio-recorded, and transcribed. Participants were asked about their experience of the ATS, barriers and enablers of implementation. Transcripts were thematically analysed. There were four overarching themes: (1) social responsibility and innovation, (2) when, how and why people accessed testing, (3) impact of the ATS on the spread of COVID-19, and (4) lessons learned for the future. In establishing the service, the institution was seen to be valuing its community and socially responsible. The service was viewed to be broadly successful as a COVID-19 mitigation approach. Challenges to service implementation were the rapidly changing pandemic situation and government advice, delays in service accreditation and rollout to staff, ambivalence towards testing and isolating in the target population, and an inability to provide follow-up support for positive cases within the service. Facilitators included service visibility, reduction in organisational bureaucracy and red tape, inclusive leadership, collaborative working with regular feedback on service status, flexibility in service delivery approaches and simplicity of saliva testing. The ATS instilled a perception of early ‘return to normality’ and impacted positively on staff feelings of safety and wellbeing, with wider benefits for healthcare services and local communities. In conclusion, we identified common themes that have facilitated or hindered the implementation of a SARS-CoV-2 testing service at a university in England. Lessons learned from ATS implementation will inform future pandemic response interventions in higher education settings.

Citation

Blake, H., Somerset, S., Mahmood, I., Mahmood, N., Corner, J., Ball, J. K., & Denning, C. (2022). A Qualitative Evaluation of the Barriers and Enablers for Implementation of an Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Testing Service at the University of Nottingham: A Multi-Site Higher Education Setting in England. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20), Article 13140. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013140

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Oct 9, 2022
Online Publication Date Oct 12, 2022
Publication Date Oct 2, 2022
Deposit Date Nov 17, 2022
Publicly Available Date Nov 18, 2022
Journal International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Electronic ISSN 1660-4601
Publisher MDPI AG
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 19
Issue 20
Article Number 13140
DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013140
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/12329514
Publisher URL https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/20/13140