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Primary liver cancer risk and mortality in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis in England and Denmark: observational cohort studies (2024)
Journal Article
Jensen, M. D., West, J., Crooks, C., Morling, J. R., Kraglund, F., Card, T., Askgaard, G., & Jepsen, P. (2024). Primary liver cancer risk and mortality in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis in England and Denmark: observational cohort studies. American Journal of Gastroenterology, https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003077

Background & Aims:

Patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis (ALD cirrhosis) have an increased risk of primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma [iCCA]). England recommends surveillance for HCC in these... Read More about Primary liver cancer risk and mortality in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis in England and Denmark: observational cohort studies.

What is the relationship between raising the minimum legal sales age of tobacco above 20 and cigarette smoking? A systematic review (2024)
Journal Article
Davies, N., Bogdanovica, I., McGill, S., & Murray, R. L. (2024). What is the relationship between raising the minimum legal sales age of tobacco above 20 and cigarette smoking? A systematic review. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae206

Introduction
There is considerable interest in raising the age of sale of tobacco above the conventional age of 18. We systematically reviewed whether raising the minimum legal sales age of tobacco (MLSA) to 20 or above is associated with reduced pr... Read More about What is the relationship between raising the minimum legal sales age of tobacco above 20 and cigarette smoking? A systematic review.

Challenges and opportunities for identifying people with Familial hypercholesterolaemia in the UK: Evidence from the National FH PASS database (2024)
Journal Article
Cox, E., Faria, R., Saramago, P., Haralambos, K., Watson, M., Humphries, S. E., Qureshi, N., & Woods, B. (2024). Challenges and opportunities for identifying people with Familial hypercholesterolaemia in the UK: Evidence from the National FH PASS database. Journal of Clinical Lipidology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacl.2024.08.007

Background
Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a monogenic disorder that causes high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Cascade testing, where relatives of known individuals with FH (‘index’) are genetically tested, is effective... Read More about Challenges and opportunities for identifying people with Familial hypercholesterolaemia in the UK: Evidence from the National FH PASS database.

Combined magnetic resonance imaging, high resolution manometry and a randomised trial of bisacodyl versus hyoscine shows the significance of an enlarged colon in constipation: the RECLAIM study (2024)
Journal Article
Wilkinson-Smith, V., Scott, M., Menys, A., Wiklendt, L., MARCIANI, L., Atkinson, D., Sansone, S., Zdanavciene, A., Coupland, C., Knowles, C., Dinning, P., Taylor, S., Gowland, P., Hoad, C., Corsetti, M., & Spiller, R. (in press). Combined magnetic resonance imaging, high resolution manometry and a randomised trial of bisacodyl versus hyoscine shows the significance of an enlarged colon in constipation: the RECLAIM study. Gut,

Background
Colonic motility in constipation can be assessed non-invasively using MRI

Objective
To compare MRI with high resolution colonic manometry (HRCM) for predicting treatment response.

Design
Part 1: 44 healthy volunteers (HV), 43 p... Read More about Combined magnetic resonance imaging, high resolution manometry and a randomised trial of bisacodyl versus hyoscine shows the significance of an enlarged colon in constipation: the RECLAIM study.

Topical anti-inflammatory treatments for eczema: a Cochrane systematic review and network meta-analysis (2024)
Journal Article
Lax, S. J., Van Vogt, E., Candy, B., Steele, L., Reynolds, C., Stuart, B., Parker, R., Axon, E., Roberts, A., Doyle, M., Chu, D. K., Futamura, M., Santer, M., Williams, H. C., Cro, S., Drucker, A. M., & Boyle, R. J. (2024). Topical anti-inflammatory treatments for eczema: a Cochrane systematic review and network meta-analysis. Clinical and Experimental Allergy, https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.14556

Objective: Eczema is the most burdensome skin condition worldwide and topical anti-inflammatory treatments are commonly used to control symptoms. The relative effectiveness and safety of different topical anti-inflammatory treatments is uncertain. De... Read More about Topical anti-inflammatory treatments for eczema: a Cochrane systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Using nicotine replacement therapy for smoking reduction in pregnancy: a qualitative study of pregnant women in the UK who smoke (2024)
Journal Article
Thomson, R., Phillips, L., Orton, S., Naughton, F., & Coleman, T. (2024). Using nicotine replacement therapy for smoking reduction in pregnancy: a qualitative study of pregnant women in the UK who smoke. BMJ Open, 14(8), Article e085945. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085945

Objectives To explore the acceptability and perceived motivations and barriers of using nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) to reduce the number of daily cigarettes smoked in pregnancy, rather than for stopping completely.

Design Telephone, semi-st... Read More about Using nicotine replacement therapy for smoking reduction in pregnancy: a qualitative study of pregnant women in the UK who smoke.

The impact of different doses of oral iron supplementation during pregnancy: a pilot randomized trial (2024)
Journal Article
Stanworth, S. J., Churchill, D., Sweity, S., Holmes, T., Hudson, C., Brown, R., Lax, S., Murray, J., Spiby, H., Roy, N., Farmer, A., Gale, C., Crayton, E., Lorencatto, F., Griffiths, J., Mullings, J., Last, S., & Knight, M. (2024). The impact of different doses of oral iron supplementation during pregnancy: a pilot randomized trial. Blood Advances, https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2024013408

The burden of iron-deficiency anemia remains significant during pregnancy. Oral iron is first-line medication, but there is uncertainty about a range of factors including adherence and side-effects of different doses. We conducted a pilot randomized... Read More about The impact of different doses of oral iron supplementation during pregnancy: a pilot randomized trial.

Infection prevention and control in cystic fibrosis: An update of a systematic review of interventions (2024)
Journal Article
Rowbotham, N. J., Smith, S., Jahnke, N., Milczanowski, S., Elliott, Z. C., Prayle, A. P., & Smyth, A. R. (2024). Infection prevention and control in cystic fibrosis: An update of a systematic review of interventions. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2024.08.004

Preventing transmissible infection is a priority in cystic fibrosis (CF) care. This is an update of a systematic review of the evidence for infection prevention and control interventions in CF.

Our full protocol can be found on PROSPERO (CRD420181... Read More about Infection prevention and control in cystic fibrosis: An update of a systematic review of interventions.

Can Ayurveda medicine supplement modern medical treatments in chronic disease management? (2024)
Journal Article
Ravindran, V., Kumar, K., Bhandari, S., Chattopadhyay, K., Payyappallimana, U., Morandi, A., Gupta, R., & Gupta, R. (2024). Can Ayurveda medicine supplement modern medical treatments in chronic disease management?. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, 54(3), 270-271. https://doi.org/10.1177/14782715241273738

The editorial highlights the fact that there is limited communication between healthcare providers and patients about complementary and integrative medicine (TCI) like Ayurveda. To address this, healthcare professionals need better education on Ayurv... Read More about Can Ayurveda medicine supplement modern medical treatments in chronic disease management?.

Non-Invasive Ventilatory Support in Preterm Neonates in the Delivery Room and the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Short Narrative Review of What We Know in 2024 (2024)
Journal Article
Roehr, C. C., Farley, H. J., Mahmoud, R. A., & Ojha, S. (2024). Non-Invasive Ventilatory Support in Preterm Neonates in the Delivery Room and the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Short Narrative Review of What We Know in 2024. Neonatology, https://doi.org/10.1159/000540601

Background: Guidelines recommend non-invasive ventilatory (NIV) support as first-line respiratory support mode in preterm infants as NIV is superior to intubation and mechanical ventilation in preventing death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia. However,... Read More about Non-Invasive Ventilatory Support in Preterm Neonates in the Delivery Room and the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Short Narrative Review of What We Know in 2024.

Systematic review: Mortality associated with raised faecal immunochemical test and positive faecal occult blood results (2024)
Journal Article
Ligori Malcolm, F., Yapa, A. K., Wong, Z. Y., Morton, A. J., Crooks, C., West, J., Banerjea, A., & Humes, D. (2024). Systematic review: Mortality associated with raised faecal immunochemical test and positive faecal occult blood results. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 60(7), 840-854. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18208


Background

Faecal haemoglobin (f-Hb) testing is used in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and increasingly to guide the investigation in patients with symptoms suggestive of CRC. Studies have demonstrated increased mortality with raised f-Hb.... Read More about Systematic review: Mortality associated with raised faecal immunochemical test and positive faecal occult blood results.

Capturing and reporting topical treatment use in childhood eczema: lessons for data collection in eczema trials (2024)
Journal Article
Memory, K. E., Macneill, S. J., Thomas, K. S., Santer, M., & Ridd, M. J. (2024). Capturing and reporting topical treatment use in childhood eczema: lessons for data collection in eczema trials. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, https://doi.org/10.1093/ced/llae328

Background

Emollients and topical corticosteroids (TCS) prevent and treat flares in eczema. However, topical treatment use is poorly recorded and reported in clinical trials. There is no clear consensus of how best to capture and summarise topical... Read More about Capturing and reporting topical treatment use in childhood eczema: lessons for data collection in eczema trials.

Bringing the voice of social housing tenants into shaping the health and care research agenda (2024)
Journal Article
Phillips, O. R., Mardell, D., Stephenson, K., Hussain, S., Burton, D., Bernard, B., Stevenson, S., & Morling, J. R. (2024). Bringing the voice of social housing tenants into shaping the health and care research agenda. Research Involvement and Engagement, 10, Article 85. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40900-024-00613-y

Background: A larger percentage of social housing tenants have poorer physical and mental health outcomes compared to private renters and homeowners. They are also at a greater risk of respiratory conditions, cardiovascular disease, communicable dise... Read More about Bringing the voice of social housing tenants into shaping the health and care research agenda.

Topical anti-inflammatory treatments for eczema: network meta-analysis (2024)
Journal Article
Lax, S. J., Van Vogt, E., Candy, B., Steele, L., Reynolds, C., Stuart, B., Parker, R., Axon, E., Roberts, A., Doyle, M., Chu, D. K., Futamura, M., Santer, M., Williams, H. C., Cro, S., Drucker, A. M., & Boyle, R. J. (2024). Topical anti-inflammatory treatments for eczema: network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2024(8), Article CD015064. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD015064.pub2

BackgroundEczema (atopic dermatitis) is the most burdensome skin condition worldwide and cannot currently be prevented or cured. Topical anti-inflammatory treatments are used to control eczema symptoms, but there is uncertainty about the relative eff... Read More about Topical anti-inflammatory treatments for eczema: network meta-analysis.

Risk factors for long-term cardiovascular post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 infection: A nested case-control study in Hong Kong (2024)
Journal Article
Yu, Q., Fan, M., Lin, C. J., Lui, D. T. W., Tan, K. C. B., Yiu, K. H., Akyea, R. K., Qureshi, N., Lai, F. T. T., Wan, E. Y. F., Li, X., Chan, E. W. Y., Wong, I. C. K., & Chui, C. S. L. (2024). Risk factors for long-term cardiovascular post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 infection: A nested case-control study in Hong Kong. npj Cardiovascular Health, 1(1), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44325-024-00011-z

People with COVID-19 can experience post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). Studies on risk factors of PASC outcomes are ongoing, especially for endocrine system-related diseases that may impact the cardiovascular system. Cardiac-related PASC is on... Read More about Risk factors for long-term cardiovascular post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 infection: A nested case-control study in Hong Kong.

Emollient application from birth to prevent eczema in high-risk children: the BEEP RCT (2024)
Journal Article
Wyatt, L. A., Bradshaw, L. E., Brown, S. J., Haines, R. H., Montgomery, A. A., Perkin, M. R., Sach, T. H., Lawton, S., Flohr, C., Ridd, M. J., Chalmers, J. R., Brooks, J., Swinden, R., Mitchell, E. J., Tarr, S., Jay, N., Thomas, K. S., Allen, H., Cork, M. J., Kelleher, M. M., …Williams, H. C. (2024). Emollient application from birth to prevent eczema in high-risk children: the BEEP RCT. Health Technology Assessment, 28(29), 1-116. https://doi.org/10.3310/rhdn9613

Background

Atopic eczema is a common childhood skin problem linked with asthma, food allergy and allergic rhinitis that impairs quality of life.

Objectives

To determine whether advising parents to apply daily emollients in the first year can... Read More about Emollient application from birth to prevent eczema in high-risk children: the BEEP RCT.