All Outputs (324)

Systematic review and meta-analysis:relative age in attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder (2024)
Journal Article

Youngest students in their class, with birthdates just before the school entry cut-off date, are overrepresented among children receiving an Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) diagnosis or medication for this. This is known as the relati... Read More about Systematic review and meta-analysis:relative age in attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder.

Investigating the Implementation of Community-Based Stroke Telerehabilitation in England; A Realist Synthesis Study Protocol (2024)
Journal Article

Telerehabilitation (TR) shows promise as a method of remote service delivery, yet there is little guidance to inform implementation in the context of the National Health Service (NHS) in England. This paper presents the protocol for a realist synthes... Read More about Investigating the Implementation of Community-Based Stroke Telerehabilitation in England; A Realist Synthesis Study Protocol.

A Nonrandomized Pilot Implementation Trial of the CLASS PAL (Physically Active Learning) Project (2024)
Journal Article

Purpose To determine the a) implementation of CLASS PAL (Physically Active Learning), b) implementation process of CLASS PAL, and c) influence of the inner setting (i.e., school) and individuals (teachers and pupils) on the implementation of CLASS PA... Read More about A Nonrandomized Pilot Implementation Trial of the CLASS PAL (Physically Active Learning) Project.

Hyperglycaemia perturbs blood-brain barrier integrity through its effects on endothelial cell characteristics and function (2024)
Journal Article

Breakdown of blood-brain barrier (BBB) represents a key pathology in hyperglycemia-mediated cerebrovascular damage after an ischemic stroke. As changes in the level and nature of vasoactive agents released by endothelial cells (ECs) may contribute to... Read More about Hyperglycaemia perturbs blood-brain barrier integrity through its effects on endothelial cell characteristics and function.

The 2022 symposium on dementia and brain aging in low‐ and middle‐income countries: Highlights on research, diagnosis, care, and impact (2024)
Journal Article

Two of every three persons living with dementia reside in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). The projected increase in global dementia rates is expected to affect LMICs disproportionately. However, the majority of global dementia care costs oc... Read More about The 2022 symposium on dementia and brain aging in low‐ and middle‐income countries: Highlights on research, diagnosis, care, and impact.

Internet-Delivered Exposure and Response Prevention for Pediatric Tourette Syndrome: 12-month Follow-Up of a Randomized Clinical Trial (2024)
Journal Article

Importance: Behavior therapy is a recommended intervention for Tourette syndrome (TS) and chronic tic disorder (CTD), but availability is limited and long-term effects are uncertain. Objective: To investigate the long-term efficacy and cost-effec... Read More about Internet-Delivered Exposure and Response Prevention for Pediatric Tourette Syndrome: 12-month Follow-Up of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Dysphagia after stroke: research advances in treatment interventions (2024)
Journal Article

After a stroke, most patients have dysphagia, which can lead to aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, and adverse functional outcomes. Protective interventions aimed at reducing these complications remain the cornerstone of treatment. Dietary adjustmen... Read More about Dysphagia after stroke: research advances in treatment interventions.

More absence, but less impact on business performance. What can we learn from Swedish approaches to managing workplace mental health? (2024)
Report

Using employer-level survey data, this report compares how firms in England, Ireland and Sweden are responding to the challenges of workplace mental health. The three countries adopt very different approaches to the funding and provision of healthcar... Read More about More absence, but less impact on business performance. What can we learn from Swedish approaches to managing workplace mental health?.

Age Deficits in Associative Memory Are Not Alleviated by Multisensory Paradigms (2024)
Journal Article

OBJECTIVES: Age deficits in memory are widespread, this affects individuals at a personal level, and investigating memory has been a key focus in cognitive aging research. Age deficits occur in memory for an episode, where information from the enviro... Read More about Age Deficits in Associative Memory Are Not Alleviated by Multisensory Paradigms.

Factors influencing the commissioning and implementation of health and social care interventions for people with dementia: commissioner and stakeholder perspectives (2024)
Journal Article

Background Despite several interventions demonstrating benefit to people living with dementia and their caregivers, few have been translated and implemented in routine clinical practice. There is limited evidence of the barriers and facilitators for... Read More about Factors influencing the commissioning and implementation of health and social care interventions for people with dementia: commissioner and stakeholder perspectives.

Ninety‐Day Stroke Recurrence in Minor Stroke: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Trials and Observational Studies (2024)
Journal Article

Background Risk of recurrence after minor ischemic stroke is usually reported with transient ischemic attack. No previous meta‐analysis has focused on minor ischemic stroke alone. The objective was to evaluate the pooled proportion of 90‐day stroke r... Read More about Ninety‐Day Stroke Recurrence in Minor Stroke: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Trials and Observational Studies.

Gradient boosted decision trees reveal nuances of auditory discrimination behavior (2024)
Journal Article

Animal psychophysics can generate rich behavioral datasets, often comprised of many 1000s of trials for an individual subject. Gradient-boosted models are a promising machine learning approach for analyzing such data, partly due to the tools that all... Read More about Gradient boosted decision trees reveal nuances of auditory discrimination behavior.

When a test is more than just a test: Findings from patient interviews and survey in the trial of a technology to measure antidepressant medication response (the PReDicT Trial) (2024)
Journal Article

Background A RCT of a novel intervention to detect antidepressant medication response (the PReDicT Test) took place in five European countries, accompanied by a nested study of its acceptability and implementation presented here. The RCT results i... Read More about When a test is more than just a test: Findings from patient interviews and survey in the trial of a technology to measure antidepressant medication response (the PReDicT Trial).

Objective QC for diffusion MRI data: artefact detection using normative modelling (2024)
Journal Article

Diffusion MRI is a neuroimaging modality used to evaluate brain structure at a microscopic level and can be exploited to map white matter fibre bundles and microstructure in the brain. One common issue is the presence of artefacts, such as acquisitio... Read More about Objective QC for diffusion MRI data: artefact detection using normative modelling.

Recommendations for quantitative cerebral perfusion MRI using multi‐timepoint arterial spin labeling: Acquisition, quantification, and clinical applications (2024)
Journal Article

Accurate assessment of cerebral perfusion is vital for understanding the hemodynamic processes involved in various neurological disorders and guiding clinical decision-making. This guidelines article provides a comprehensive overview of quantitative... Read More about Recommendations for quantitative cerebral perfusion MRI using multi‐timepoint arterial spin labeling: Acquisition, quantification, and clinical applications.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital episodes for falls and fractures associated with new-onset disability and frailty in England: a national cohort study (2024)
Journal Article

Background: Older people with frailty are at risk of harm from immobility or isolation, yet data about how COVID-19 lockdowns affected them are limited. Falls and fractures are easily measurable adverse outcomes correlated with frailty. We investigat... Read More about Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital episodes for falls and fractures associated with new-onset disability and frailty in England: a national cohort study.

Real‐world persistence of multiple sclerosis disease‐modifying therapies (2024)
Journal Article

Background and purpose: Treatment persistence is the continuation of therapy over time. It reflects a combination of treatment efficacy and tolerability. We aimed to describe real‐world rates of persistence on disease‐modifying therapies (DMTs) for p... Read More about Real‐world persistence of multiple sclerosis disease‐modifying therapies.

Design of trials in lacunar stroke and cerebral small vessel disease: review and experience with the LACunar Intervention Trial 2 (LACI-2) (2024)
Journal Article

Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) causes lacunar stroke (25% of ischaemic strokes), haemorrhage, dementia, physical frailty, or is 'covert', but has no specific treatment. Uncertainties about the design of clinical trials in cSVD, which patients t... Read More about Design of trials in lacunar stroke and cerebral small vessel disease: review and experience with the LACunar Intervention Trial 2 (LACI-2).

Used to be a dime, now it’s a dollar: R-SPiN keyword predictability revisited 40 years on (2024)
Journal Article

Purpose: Almost 40 years after its development, in this article, we reexamine the relevance and validity of the ubiquitously used Revised Speech Perception in Noise (R-SPiN) sentence corpus. The R-SPiN corpus includes “high-context” and “low-conte... Read More about Used to be a dime, now it’s a dollar: R-SPiN keyword predictability revisited 40 years on.

Typology of employers offering line manager training for mental health (2024)
Journal Article

Background Mental ill health has a high economic impact on society and employers. National and international policy advocates line manager (LM) training in mental health as a key intervention, but little is known about employer training provisions. A... Read More about Typology of employers offering line manager training for mental health.