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Combined in vivo muscle mass, muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein breakdown measurement: a ‘Combined Oral Stable Isotope Assessment of Muscle (COSIAM)’ approach (2021)
Journal Article
Cegielski, J., Wilkinson, D. J., Brook, M. S., Boereboom, C., Phillips, B. E., Gladman, J. F. R., …Atherton, P. J. (2021). Combined in vivo muscle mass, muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein breakdown measurement: a ‘Combined Oral Stable Isotope Assessment of Muscle (COSIAM)’ approach. GeroScience, 43(6), 2653-2665. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00386-2

Optimising approaches for measuring skeletal muscle mass and turnover that are widely applicable, minimally invasive and cost effective is crucial in furthering research into sarcopenia and cachexia. Traditional approaches for measurement of muscle p... Read More about Combined in vivo muscle mass, muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein breakdown measurement: a ‘Combined Oral Stable Isotope Assessment of Muscle (COSIAM)’ approach.

Childhood pet ownership and multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2021)
Journal Article
Edwards, L., & Tench, C. (2021). Childhood pet ownership and multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 53, Article 103046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2021.103046

Background Many studies have been conducted investigating a range of environmental factors which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). We collated available data about exposure to domestic animals before symptom onse... Read More about Childhood pet ownership and multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Optimal management of older people with frailty non-weight bearing after lower limb fracture: a scoping review (2021)
Journal Article
Aloraibi, S., Booth, V., Robinson, K., Lunt, E. K., Godfrey, D., Caswell, A., …Gladman, J. (2021). Optimal management of older people with frailty non-weight bearing after lower limb fracture: a scoping review. Age and Ageing, 50(4), 1129–1136. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afab071

Background Patients with lower limb fractures who are non-weight bearing are at risk of the complications of the associated immobility and disability, particularly people with frailty, but there is lack of clarity about what constitutes optimal ca... Read More about Optimal management of older people with frailty non-weight bearing after lower limb fracture: a scoping review.

Updated recommendations regarding the management of older patients with breast cancer: a joint paper from the European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists (EUSOMA) and the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) (2021)
Journal Article
Biganzoli, L., Battisti, N. . M. L., Wildiers, H., McCartney, A., Colloca, G., Kunkler, I. H., …Brain, E. G. (2021). Updated recommendations regarding the management of older patients with breast cancer: a joint paper from the European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists (EUSOMA) and the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG). Lancet Oncology, 22(7), e327-e340. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045%2820%2930741-5

Breast cancer is increasingly prevalent in older adults and is a substantial part of routine oncology practice. However, management of breast cancer in this population is challenging because the disease is highly heterogeneous and there is insufficie... Read More about Updated recommendations regarding the management of older patients with breast cancer: a joint paper from the European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists (EUSOMA) and the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG).

COVID-19 point-of-care testing in care homes: what are the lessons for policy and practice? (2021)
Journal Article
Buckle, P., Micocci, M., Tulloch, J., Kierkegaard, P., Parvulescu, P., Thompson, C., …Gordon, A. L. (2021). COVID-19 point-of-care testing in care homes: what are the lessons for policy and practice?. Age and Ageing, 50(5), 1442-1444. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afab101

COVID-19 has devastated care homes. Point of care tests (POCTs), mainly using Lateral Flow Devices (LFDs), have been deployed hurriedly without much consideration of their usability or impact on care workflow. Even after the pandemic POCTs, particula... Read More about COVID-19 point-of-care testing in care homes: what are the lessons for policy and practice?.

Lower risk of hospitalization for heart failure, kidney disease and death with sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors compared with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes regardless of prior cardiovascular or kidney disease: A retrospective cohort study in UK primary care (2021)
Journal Article
Idris, I., Zhang, R., Mamza, J. B., Ford, M., Morris, T., Banerjee, A., …Greener, M. (2021). Lower risk of hospitalization for heart failure, kidney disease and death with sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors compared with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes regardless of prior cardiovascular or kidney disease: A retrospective cohort study in UK primary care. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 23(10), 2207-2214. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.14437

A pilot of the feasibility and usefulness of an aged obese model for use in stroke research (2021)
Journal Article
Learoyd, A. E., Calmus, R., Cunningham, C. N., England, T. J., Farr, T. D., Fone, K. C., …Trueman, R. C. (2021). A pilot of the feasibility and usefulness of an aged obese model for use in stroke research. Wellcome Open Research, 6, Article 104. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16592.1

Background: Animal models of stroke have been criticised as having poor predictive validity, lacking risk factors prevalent in an aging population. This pilot study examined the development of comorbidities in a combined aged and high-fat diet model,... Read More about A pilot of the feasibility and usefulness of an aged obese model for use in stroke research.

Bridging The Age Gap: observational cohort study of effects of chemotherapy and trastuzumab on recurrence, survival and quality of life in older women with early breast cancer (2021)
Journal Article
Ring, A., Battisti, N. M. L., Reed, M. W. R., Herbert, E., Morgan, J. L., Bradburn, M., …on behalf of the Age Gap TMG. (2021). Bridging The Age Gap: observational cohort study of effects of chemotherapy and trastuzumab on recurrence, survival and quality of life in older women with early breast cancer. British Journal of Cancer, 125, 209-219. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-021-01388-9

Background: Chemotherapy improves outcomes for high risk early breast cancer (EBC) patients but is infrequently offered to older individuals. This study determined if there are fit older patients with high-risk disease who may benefit from chemothera... Read More about Bridging The Age Gap: observational cohort study of effects of chemotherapy and trastuzumab on recurrence, survival and quality of life in older women with early breast cancer.

Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model System for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (2021)
Journal Article
Ellwood, R. A., Piasecki, M., & Szewczyk, N. J. (2021). Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model System for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(9), Article 4891. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094891

The nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans has been used extensively to enhance our understanding of the human neuromuscular disorder Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). With new arising clinically relevant models, technologies and treatments, there is... Read More about Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model System for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Atrophy Resistant vs. Atrophy Susceptible skeletal muscles: “aRaS” as a novel experimental paradigm to study the mechanisms of human disuse atrophy (2021)
Journal Article
Hardy, E., Inns, T., Wilkinson, D., Piasecki, M., Atherton, P., Phillips, B., …Smith, K. (2021). Atrophy Resistant vs. Atrophy Susceptible skeletal muscles: “aRaS” as a novel experimental paradigm to study the mechanisms of human disuse atrophy. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, Article 653060. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.653060

Objective: Disuse atrophy (DA) describes inactivity-induced skeletal muscle loss, through incompletely defined mechanisms. An intriguing observation is that individual muscles exhibit differing degrees of atrophy, despite exhibiting similar anatomica... Read More about Atrophy Resistant vs. Atrophy Susceptible skeletal muscles: “aRaS” as a novel experimental paradigm to study the mechanisms of human disuse atrophy.

Is point-of-care testing feasible and safe in care homes in England? An exploratory usability and accuracy evaluation of a point-of-care polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2 (2021)
Journal Article
Micocci, M., Gordon, A. L., Kelly Seo, M., Joy Allen, A., Davies, K., Hayward, G., …Buckle, P. (2021). Is point-of-care testing feasible and safe in care homes in England? An exploratory usability and accuracy evaluation of a point-of-care polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2. Age and Ageing, 50(5), 1464-1472. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afab072

Introduction: Reliable rapid testing for COVID-19 is needed in care homes to reduce the risk of outbreaks and enable timely care. This study aimed to examine the usability and test performance of a point of care polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test... Read More about Is point-of-care testing feasible and safe in care homes in England? An exploratory usability and accuracy evaluation of a point-of-care polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2.

Feeding during neonatal therapeutic hypothermia, assessed using routinely collected National Neonatal Research Database data: a retrospective, UK population-based cohort study (2021)
Journal Article
Gale, C., Longford, N. T., Jeyakumaran, D., Ougham, K., Battersby, C., Ojha, S., & Dorling, J. (2021). Feeding during neonatal therapeutic hypothermia, assessed using routinely collected National Neonatal Research Database data: a retrospective, UK population-based cohort study. Lancet Child and Adolescent Health, 5(6), 408-416. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642%2821%2900026-2

Background: Therapeutic hypothermia is standard of care in high-income countries for babies born with signs of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, but optimal feeding during treatment is uncertain and practice is variable. This study aimed to assess th... Read More about Feeding during neonatal therapeutic hypothermia, assessed using routinely collected National Neonatal Research Database data: a retrospective, UK population-based cohort study.

Age-related changes in muscle architecture and metabolism in humans: The likely contribution of physical inactivity to age-related functional decline (2021)
Journal Article
Shur, N. F., Creedon, L., Skirrow, S., Atherton, P. J., MacDonald, I. A., Lund, J., & Greenhaff, P. L. (2021). Age-related changes in muscle architecture and metabolism in humans: The likely contribution of physical inactivity to age-related functional decline. Ageing Research Reviews, 68, Article 101344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2021.101344

In the United Kingdom (UK), it is projected that by 2035 people aged >65 years will make up 23 % of the population, with those aged >85 years accounting for 5% of the total population. Ageing is associated with progressive changes in muscle metabolis... Read More about Age-related changes in muscle architecture and metabolism in humans: The likely contribution of physical inactivity to age-related functional decline.

Cost-Effectiveness Modeling of Surgery Plus Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy Versus Primary Endocrine Therapy Alone in UK Women Aged 70 and Over With Early Breast Cancer (2021)
Journal Article
Holmes, G. R., Ward, S. E., Brennan, A., Bradburn, M., Morgan, J. L., Reed, M. W., …Gath, J. (2021). Cost-Effectiveness Modeling of Surgery Plus Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy Versus Primary Endocrine Therapy Alone in UK Women Aged 70 and Over With Early Breast Cancer. Value in Health, 24(6), 770-779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2020.12.016

Objectives: Approximately 20% of UK women aged 70+ with early breast cancer receive primary endocrine therapy (PET) instead of surgery. PET reduces surgical morbidity but with some survival decrement. To complement and utilize a treatment dependent p... Read More about Cost-Effectiveness Modeling of Surgery Plus Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy Versus Primary Endocrine Therapy Alone in UK Women Aged 70 and Over With Early Breast Cancer.

The impact of breast cancer surgery on functional status in older women – A systematic review of the literature (2021)
Journal Article
Harrison, C. A., Parks, R. M., & Cheung, K. L. (2021). The impact of breast cancer surgery on functional status in older women – A systematic review of the literature. EJSO - European Journal of Surgical Oncology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2021.04.010

Primary endocrine therapy as treatment of breast cancer is only recommended in older women with limited life expectancy. However, many older women opt for endocrine therapy due to concerns regarding frailty and potential decline in function after sur... Read More about The impact of breast cancer surgery on functional status in older women – A systematic review of the literature.

Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound assessed renal microvascular perfusion may predict postoperative renal complications following colorectal surgery (2021)
Journal Article
Read, D., Doleman, B., Heinink, T., Selby, N., Lund, J., Phillips, B., & Williams, J. (2021). Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound assessed renal microvascular perfusion may predict postoperative renal complications following colorectal surgery. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 48(7), 971-977. https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1681.13501

Colorectal surgery is associated with an above‐average mortality rate of ~15%. During surgery, maintenance of vital organ perfusion is essential in order to reduce postoperative mortality and morbidity, with renal perfusion of particular importance.... Read More about Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound assessed renal microvascular perfusion may predict postoperative renal complications following colorectal surgery.

Lifelong exercise is associated with more homogeneous motor unit potential features across deep and superficial areas of vastus lateralis (2021)
Journal Article
Jones, E. J., Piasecki, J., Ireland, A., Stashuk, D. W., Atherton, P. J., Phillips, B. E., …Piasecki, M. (2021). Lifelong exercise is associated with more homogeneous motor unit potential features across deep and superficial areas of vastus lateralis. GeroScience, 43(4), 1555-1565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00356-8

Motor unit (MU) expansion enables rescue of denervated muscle fibres helping to ameliorate age-relatedmuscle atrophy, with evidence to suggest master athletes are more successful at this remodelling. Electrophysiological data has suggested MUs locate... Read More about Lifelong exercise is associated with more homogeneous motor unit potential features across deep and superficial areas of vastus lateralis.

Bridging the age gap in breast cancer: impact of omission of breast cancer surgery in older women with oestrogen receptor-positive early breast cancer on quality-of-life outcomes (2021)
Journal Article
Morgan, J. L., Shrestha, A., Reed, M. W. R., Herbert, E., Bradburn, M., Walters, S. J., …Wyld, L. (2021). Bridging the age gap in breast cancer: impact of omission of breast cancer surgery in older women with oestrogen receptor-positive early breast cancer on quality-of-life outcomes. British Journal of Surgery, 108(3), 315-325. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znaa125

BACKGROUND: Primary endocrine therapy may be an alternative treatment for less fit women with oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. This study compared quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes in older women treated with surgery or primary endocrine... Read More about Bridging the age gap in breast cancer: impact of omission of breast cancer surgery in older women with oestrogen receptor-positive early breast cancer on quality-of-life outcomes.

Bridging the age gap in breast cancer: cluster randomized trial of the effects of two decision support interventions for older women with operable breast cancer on quality of life, survival, decision quality, and treatment choices (2021)
Journal Article
Wyld, L., Reed, M. W. R., Collins, K., Burton, M., Lifford, K., Edwards, A., …Thompson, A. M. (2021). Bridging the age gap in breast cancer: cluster randomized trial of the effects of two decision support interventions for older women with operable breast cancer on quality of life, survival, decision quality, and treatment choices. British Journal of Surgery, 108(5), 499-510. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znab005

Background: Rates of surgery and adjuvant therapy for breast cancer vary widely between breast units. This may contribute to differences in survival. This cluster RCT evaluated the impact of decision support interventions (DESIs) for older women with... Read More about Bridging the age gap in breast cancer: cluster randomized trial of the effects of two decision support interventions for older women with operable breast cancer on quality of life, survival, decision quality, and treatment choices.