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All Outputs (1131)

Smoking cessation and the reduction of disability progression in Multiple Sclerosis: a cohort study (2017)
Journal Article
Tanasescu, R., Constantinescu, C. S., Tench, C. R., & Manouchehrinia, A. (2018). Smoking cessation and the reduction of disability progression in Multiple Sclerosis: a cohort study. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 20(5), 589-595. https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntx084

Background: Smoking is associated with a more severe disease course in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The magnitude of effect of smoking cessation on MS progression is unknown. The aim of this study was to quantify the impact of smoking cessati... Read More about Smoking cessation and the reduction of disability progression in Multiple Sclerosis: a cohort study.

Coordinate based random effect size meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies (2017)
Journal Article
Tench, C. R., Tanasescu, R., Constantinescu, C. S., Auer, D. P., & Cottam, W. J. (in press). Coordinate based random effect size meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. NeuroImage, 153, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.04.002

Low power in neuroimaging studies can make them difficult to interpret, and Coordinate based meta-analysis (CBMA) may go some way to mitigating this issue. CBMA has been used in many analyses to detect where published functional MRI or voxel-based mo... Read More about Coordinate based random effect size meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies.

Management of acute intracerebral haemorrhage – an update (2017)
Journal Article
Law, Z. K., Appleton, J. P., Bath, P. M., & Sprigg, N. (2017). Management of acute intracerebral haemorrhage – an update. Clinical Medicine, 17(2), https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.17-2-166

Managing acute intracerebral haemorrhage is a challenging task for physicians. Evidence shows that outcome can be improved with admission to an acute stroke unit and active care, including urgent reversal of anticoagulant effects and, potentially, in... Read More about Management of acute intracerebral haemorrhage – an update.

Limbic grey matter changes in early Parkinson's disease (2017)
Journal Article
Li, X., Xing, Y., Schwarz, S. T., & Auer, D. P. (in press). Limbic grey matter changes in early Parkinson's disease. Human Brain Mapping, https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23610

The purpose of this study was to investigate local and network related changes of limbic grey matter in early Parkinson’s disease (PD) and their interrelation with non-motor symptom severity. We applied voxel-based morphometric methods in 538 T1 MRI... Read More about Limbic grey matter changes in early Parkinson's disease.

Focal CA3 hippocampal subfield atrophy following LGI1 VGKC-complex antibody limbic encephalitis (2017)
Journal Article
Miller, T. D., Chong, T. T.-J., Aimola Davies, A. M., Ng, T. W., Johnson, M. R., Irani, S. R., Vincent, A., Husain, M., Jacob, S., Maddison, P., Kennard, C., Gowland, P. A., & Rosenthal, C. R. (2017). Focal CA3 hippocampal subfield atrophy following LGI1 VGKC-complex antibody limbic encephalitis. Brain, 140(5), 1212-1219. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awx070

Magnetic resonance imaging has linked chronic voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex antibody-mediated limbic encephalitis with generalized hippocampal atrophy. However, autoantibodies bind to specific rodent hippocampal subfields. Here, huma... Read More about Focal CA3 hippocampal subfield atrophy following LGI1 VGKC-complex antibody limbic encephalitis.

Genetic susceptibility to bilateral tinnitus in a Swedish twin cohort (2017)
Journal Article
Maas, I. L., Brüggemann, P., Requena, T., Bulla, J., Edvall, N. K., Hjelmborg, J. V., …Cederroth, C. R. (2017). Genetic susceptibility to bilateral tinnitus in a Swedish twin cohort. Genetics in Medicine, 19(9), 1007-1012. https://doi.org/10.1038/gim.2017.4

Purpose:Genetic contributions to tinnitus have been difficult to determine due to the heterogeneity of the condition and its broad etiology. Here, we evaluated the genetic and nongenetic influences on self-reported tinnitus from the Swedish Twin Regi... Read More about Genetic susceptibility to bilateral tinnitus in a Swedish twin cohort.

Heterodimers of photoreceptor-specific nuclear receptor (PNR/NR2E3) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ) are disrupted by retinal disease-associated mutations (2017)
Journal Article
Fulton, J., Mazumder, B., Whitchurch, J., Monteiro, C. J., Collins, H. M., Chan, C. M., …Heery, D. M. (2017). Heterodimers of photoreceptor-specific nuclear receptor (PNR/NR2E3) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ) are disrupted by retinal disease-associated mutations. Cell Death and Disease, 8, Article e2677. https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2017.98

Photoreceptor-specific nuclear receptor (PNR/NR2E3) and Tailless homolog (TLX/NR2E1) are human orthologs of the NR2E group, a subgroup of phylogenetically related members of the Nuclear Receptor (NR) superfamily of transcription factors. We assessed... Read More about Heterodimers of photoreceptor-specific nuclear receptor (PNR/NR2E3) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ) are disrupted by retinal disease-associated mutations.

The effect of tonsillectomy on the morbidity from recurrent tonsillitis (2017)
Journal Article
Douglas, C. M., Lang, K., Whitmer, W. M., Wilson, J. A., & Mackenzie, K. (2017). The effect of tonsillectomy on the morbidity from recurrent tonsillitis. Clinical Otolaryngology, 42(6), 1206-1210. https://doi.org/10.1111/coa.12850

Background

Tonsillitis is a common condition with an incidence in UK general practice of 37 per 1000 population a year.1 Recurrent tonsillitis results in significant morbidity and impacts on individuals’ quality of life. This study assesses the mo... Read More about The effect of tonsillectomy on the morbidity from recurrent tonsillitis.

Continuing or temporarily stopping prestroke antihypertensive medication in acute stroke: an individual patient data meta-analysis (2017)
Journal Article
Woodhouse, L. J., Manning, L., Potter, J. F., Berge, E., Sprigg, N., Wardlaw, J., …Robinson, T. G. (2017). Continuing or temporarily stopping prestroke antihypertensive medication in acute stroke: an individual patient data meta-analysis. Hypertension, 69(5), https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.07982

Over 50% of patients are already taking blood pressure–lowering therapy on hospital admission for acute stroke. An individual patient data meta-analysis from randomized controlled trials was undertaken to determine the effect of continuation versus t... Read More about Continuing or temporarily stopping prestroke antihypertensive medication in acute stroke: an individual patient data meta-analysis.

Image quality transfer and applications in diffusion MRI (2017)
Journal Article
Alexander, D. C., Zikic, D., Ghosh, A., Tanno, R., Wottschel, V., Zhang, J., …Criminisi, A. (2017). Image quality transfer and applications in diffusion MRI. NeuroImage, 152, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.02.089

This paper introduces a new computational imaging technique called image quality transfer (IQT). IQT uses machine learning to transfer the rich information available from one-off experimental medical imaging devices to the abundant but lower-quality... Read More about Image quality transfer and applications in diffusion MRI.

Retesting the Hypothesis of a Clinical Randomized Controlled Trial in a Simulation Environment to Validate Anesthesia Simulation in Error Research (the VASER Study) (2017)
Journal Article

Background:
Simulation has been used to investigate clinical questions in anesthesia, surgery, and related disciplines, but there are few data demonstrating that results apply to clinical settings. We asked “would results of a simulation-based study... Read More about Retesting the Hypothesis of a Clinical Randomized Controlled Trial in a Simulation Environment to Validate Anesthesia Simulation in Error Research (the VASER Study).

Studying neuroanatomy using MRI (2017)
Journal Article
Lerch, J. P., van der Kouwe, A. J., Raznahan, A., Paus, T., Johansen-Berg, H., Miller, K. L., …Sotiropoulos, S. N. (in press). Studying neuroanatomy using MRI. Nature Neuroscience, 20(3), https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.4501

The study of neuroanatomy using imaging enables key insights into how our brains function, are shaped by genes and environment, and change with development, aging, and disease. Developments in MRI acquisition, image processing, and data modelling hav... Read More about Studying neuroanatomy using MRI.

Different teams, same conclusions?: a systematic review of existing clinical guidelines for the assessment and treatment of tinnitus in adults (2017)
Journal Article
Fuller, T., Haider, H., Kikidis, D., Lapira, A., Mazurek, B., Norena, A., …Cima, R. (2017). Different teams, same conclusions?: a systematic review of existing clinical guidelines for the assessment and treatment of tinnitus in adults. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, Article 206. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00206

Background: Though clinical guidelines for assessment and treatment of chronic subjective tinnitus do exist, a comprehensive review of those guidelines has not been performed. The objective of this review was to identify current clinical guidelines,... Read More about Different teams, same conclusions?: a systematic review of existing clinical guidelines for the assessment and treatment of tinnitus in adults.

The association between human endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2017)
Journal Article
Morandi, E., Tanasescu, R., Tarlinton, R. E., Constantinescu, C. S., Zhang, W., Tench, C. R., & Gran, B. (2017). The association between human endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 12(2), Article e0172415. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172415

Background:
The interaction between genetic and environmental factors is crucial to multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs) are endogenous viral elements of the human genome whose expression is associated with MS.... Read More about The association between human endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Feasibility of Flat Panel Detector CT in Perfusion Assessment of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: Initial Clinical Experience (2017)
Journal Article
Garcia, M., Okell, T., Gloor, M., Chappell, M., Jezzard, P., Bieri, O., & Byrne, J. (2017). Feasibility of Flat Panel Detector CT in Perfusion Assessment of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: Initial Clinical Experience. American Journal of Neuroradiology, 38(4), 735-739. https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a5091

The different results from flat panel detector CT in various pathologies have provoked some discussion. Our aim was to assess the role of flat panel detector CT in brain arteriovenous malformations, which has not yet been assessed. Five patients with... Read More about Feasibility of Flat Panel Detector CT in Perfusion Assessment of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: Initial Clinical Experience.

Magnetic resonance imaging plaque hemorrhage for risk stratification in carotid artery disease with moderate risk under current medical therapy (2017)
Journal Article
Hosseini, A. A., Simpson, R. J., Altaf, N., Bath, P. M., MacSweeney, S. T., & Auer, D. P. (2017). Magnetic resonance imaging plaque hemorrhage for risk stratification in carotid artery disease with moderate risk under current medical therapy. Stroke, 48(3), https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.015504

Background and Purpose—Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–defined carotid plaque hemorrhage (MRIPH) can predict recurrent cerebrovascular ischemic events in severe symptomatic carotid stenosis. It is less clear whether MRIPH can improve risk stratifica... Read More about Magnetic resonance imaging plaque hemorrhage for risk stratification in carotid artery disease with moderate risk under current medical therapy.

Hemodynamic effects of lung recruitment maneuvers in acute respiratory distress syndrome (2017)
Journal Article
Das, A., Haque, M., Chikhani, M., Cole, O., Wang, W., Hardman, J. G., & Bates, D. G. (2017). Hemodynamic effects of lung recruitment maneuvers in acute respiratory distress syndrome. BMC Pulmonary Medicine, 17(34), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-017-0369-7

Background: Clinical trials have, so far, failed to establish clear beneficial outcomes of recruitment maneuvers (RMs) on patient mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and the effects of RMs on the cardiovascular system remain poor... Read More about Hemodynamic effects of lung recruitment maneuvers in acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Investigating the effect of independent blinded digital image assessment on the STOP GAP trial (2017)
Journal Article
Patsko, E., Godolphin, P. J., Thomas, K. S., Hepburn, T., Mitchell, E., Craig, F. E., …Montgomery, A. A. (2017). Investigating the effect of independent blinded digital image assessment on the STOP GAP trial. Trials, 18(1), Article 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-017-1779-9

Background
Blinding is the process of keeping treatment assignment hidden and is used to minimise the possibility of bias. Trials at high risk of bias have been shown to report larger treatment effects than low risk studies. In dermatology, one popu... Read More about Investigating the effect of independent blinded digital image assessment on the STOP GAP trial.