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Assessing the prevalence and potential drivers of food insecurity and the relationship with mental wellbeing in UK university students: A cross-sectional study (2024)
Journal Article
Aldubaybi, A. A., Coneyworth, L. J., & Jethwa, P. H. (2024). Assessing the prevalence and potential drivers of food insecurity and the relationship with mental wellbeing in UK university students: A cross-sectional study. Nutrition Bulletin, 49(1), 96-107. https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12662

Food insecurity (FI) among university students in the United States has been associated with poor mental wellbeing, but very little is known about the relationship between FI and mental wellbeing in the UK university population. Here we examined the... Read More about Assessing the prevalence and potential drivers of food insecurity and the relationship with mental wellbeing in UK university students: A cross-sectional study.

Active vitamin D increases myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells via a vitamin D response element on the myogenin promoter (2024)
Journal Article
Alliband, K. H., Parr, T., Jethwa, P. H., & Brameld, J. M. (2024). Active vitamin D increases myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells via a vitamin D response element on the myogenin promoter. Frontiers in Physiology, 14, Article 1322677. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1322677

Background: Skeletal muscle development during embryogenesis depends on proliferation of myoblasts followed by differentiation into myotubes/multinucleated myofibers. Vitamin D (VD) has been shown to affect these processes, but there is conflicting e... Read More about Active vitamin D increases myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells via a vitamin D response element on the myogenin promoter.

A Comparison of Primary Human Hepatocytes and Hepatoma Cell Lines to Model the Effects of Fatty Acids, Fructose and Glucose on Liver Cell Lipid Accumulation (2022)
Journal Article
Huggett, Z. J., Smith, A., De Vivo, N., Gomez, D., Jethwa, P., Brameld, J. M., …Salter, A. M. (2022). A Comparison of Primary Human Hepatocytes and Hepatoma Cell Lines to Model the Effects of Fatty Acids, Fructose and Glucose on Liver Cell Lipid Accumulation. Nutrients, 15(1), Article 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15010040

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) begins with lipid accumulation within hepatocytes, but the relative contributions of different macronutrients is still unclear. We investigated the impact of fatty acids, glucose and fructose on lipid accumul... Read More about A Comparison of Primary Human Hepatocytes and Hepatoma Cell Lines to Model the Effects of Fatty Acids, Fructose and Glucose on Liver Cell Lipid Accumulation.

Could consumption of yam (Dioscorea) or its extract be beneficial in controlling glycaemia: a systematic review (2021)
Journal Article
Alharazi, W., McGowen, A., Rose, P., & Jethwa, P. H. (2022). Could consumption of yam (Dioscorea) or its extract be beneficial in controlling glycaemia: a systematic review. British Journal of Nutrition, 128(4), 613-624. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114521003706

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) and its associated extracts have been shown to possess a variety of biological activities and identified as beneficial in the control of glycaemia in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The objective was to conduct a... Read More about Could consumption of yam (Dioscorea) or its extract be beneficial in controlling glycaemia: a systematic review.

Rare sugars: metabolic impacts and mechanisms of action: a scoping review (2021)
Journal Article
Smith, A., Avery, A., Ford, R., Yang, Q., Goux, A., Mukherjee, I., …Jethwa, P. (2022). Rare sugars: metabolic impacts and mechanisms of action: a scoping review. British Journal of Nutrition, 128(3), 389-406. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114521003524

Food manufacturers are under increasing pressure to limit the amount of free sugars in their products. Many have reformulated products to replace sucrose, glucose and fructose with alternative sweeteners, but some of these have been associated with a... Read More about Rare sugars: metabolic impacts and mechanisms of action: a scoping review.

In vitro Effects of Biologically Active Vitamin D on Myogenesis: A Systematic Review (2021)
Journal Article
Alliband, K. H., Kozhevnikova, S. V., Parr, T., Jethwa, P. H., & Brameld, J. M. (2021). In vitro Effects of Biologically Active Vitamin D on Myogenesis: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Physiology, 12, Article 736708. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.736708

Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is associated with muscle weakness. A reduction in the incidence of falls in the elderly following VD supplementation and identification of the VD receptor within muscle cells suggests a direct effect of VD on muscle, but li... Read More about In vitro Effects of Biologically Active Vitamin D on Myogenesis: A Systematic Review.

Effects of manipulating hypothalamic triiodothyronine concentrations on seasonal body weight and torpor cycles in Siberian hamsters (2012)
Journal Article
Murphy, M., Jethwa, P. H., Warner, A., Barrett, P., Nilaweera, K. N., Brameld, J. M., & Ebling, F. J. (2012). Effects of manipulating hypothalamic triiodothyronine concentrations on seasonal body weight and torpor cycles in Siberian hamsters. Endocrinology, 153(1), 101-112. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2011-1249

Siberian hamsters display photoperiodically regulated annual cycles in body weight, appetite, and reproduction. Previous studies have revealed a profound up-regulation of type 3 deiodinase (DIO3) mRNA in the ventral ependyma of the hypothalamus assoc... Read More about Effects of manipulating hypothalamic triiodothyronine concentrations on seasonal body weight and torpor cycles in Siberian hamsters.

Histaminergic regulation of seasonal metabolic rhythms in Siberian hamsters (2011)
Journal Article
I'Anson, H., Jethwa, P. H., Warner, A., & Ebling, F. J. (2011). Histaminergic regulation of seasonal metabolic rhythms in Siberian hamsters. Physiology and Behavior, 103(3-4), 268-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.02.035

We investigated whether histaminergic tone contributes to the seasonal catabolic state in Siberian hamsters by determining the effect of ablation of histaminergic neurons on food intake, metabolic rate and body weight. A ribosomal toxin (saporin) con... Read More about Histaminergic regulation of seasonal metabolic rhythms in Siberian hamsters.

Effects of photoperiod on daily locomotor activity, energy expenditure, and feeding behavior in a seasonal mammal (2010)
Journal Article
Warner, A., Jethwa, P. H., Wyse, C. A., I'Anson, H., Brameld, J. M., & Ebling, F. J. (2010). Effects of photoperiod on daily locomotor activity, energy expenditure, and feeding behavior in a seasonal mammal. AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 298(5), R1409-R1416. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00279.2009

The objective of this study was to determine whether the previously observed effects of photoperiod on body weight in Siberian hamsters were due to changes in the daily patterns of locomotor activity, energy expenditure, and/or feeding behavior. Adul... Read More about Effects of photoperiod on daily locomotor activity, energy expenditure, and feeding behavior in a seasonal mammal.

Short-days induce weight loss in siberian hamsters despite overexpression of the agouti-related peptide gene (2010)
Journal Article
Jethwa, P. H., Warner, A., Fowler, M. J., Murphy, M., de Backer, M. W., Adan, R. A., …Ebling, F. J. (2010). Short-days induce weight loss in siberian hamsters despite overexpression of the agouti-related peptide gene. Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 22(6), 564-575. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.2010.02001.x

Many vertebrates express profound annual cycles of body fattening, although it is not clear whether these represent differential activity of the central pathways known to mediate homeostatic control of food intake and energy expenditure, or whether t... Read More about Short-days induce weight loss in siberian hamsters despite overexpression of the agouti-related peptide gene.

Prokineticin 2 is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that potently inhibits food intake (2009)
Journal Article
Gardiner, J. V., Bataveljic, A., Patel, N. A., Bewick, G. A., Roy, D., Campbell, D., …Dhillo, W. S. (2010). Prokineticin 2 is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that potently inhibits food intake. Diabetes, 59(2), 397-406. https://doi.org/10.2337/db09-1198

OBJECTIVE-Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide expressed in central nervous system areas known to be involved in food intake. We therefore hypothesized that PK2 plays a role in energy homeostasis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We inves... Read More about Prokineticin 2 is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that potently inhibits food intake.

The role of histamine 3 receptors in the control of food intake in a seasonal model of obesity: The Siberian hamster (2009)
Journal Article
Jethwa, P. H., Barrett, P., Turnbull, Y., Enright, R. A., Warner, A., Murphy, M., & Ebling, F. J. (2009). The role of histamine 3 receptors in the control of food intake in a seasonal model of obesity: The Siberian hamster. Behavioural Pharmacology, 20(2), 155-165. https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0b013e32832a8099

Siberian hamsters develop hypophagia and increase catabolism of fat reserves in response to short photoperiods resulting in a natural loss of body weight in winter. We previously found that histamine 3 receptor (H3R) mRNA in the posterior hypothalamu... Read More about The role of histamine 3 receptors in the control of food intake in a seasonal model of obesity: The Siberian hamster.

Loss of prokineticin receptor 2 signaling predisposes mice to torpor (2008)
Journal Article
Jethwa, P. H., I'Anson, H., Warner, A., Prosser, H. M., Hastings, M. H., Maywood, E. S., & Ebling, F. J. (2008). Loss of prokineticin receptor 2 signaling predisposes mice to torpor. AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 294(6), R1968-R1979. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00778.2007

The genes encoding prokineticin 2 polypeptide (Prok2) and its cognate receptor (Prokr2/Gpcr73l1) are widely expressed in both the suprachiasmatic nucleus and its hypothalamic targets, and this signaling pathway has been implicated in the circadian re... Read More about Loss of prokineticin receptor 2 signaling predisposes mice to torpor.

Role of VGF-derived peptides in the control of food intake, body weight and reproduction (2008)
Journal Article
Jethwa, P. H., & Ebling, F. J. P. (2008). Role of VGF-derived peptides in the control of food intake, body weight and reproduction. Neuroendocrinology, 88(2), 80-87. https://doi.org/10.1159/000127319

VGF is a 68-kDa polypeptide synthesized in neuronal and neuroendocrine cells. It is cleaved into a number of smaller peptides which are stored in dense core vesicles and are likely to be secreted products. The VGF gene is expressed abundantly in the... Read More about Role of VGF-derived peptides in the control of food intake, body weight and reproduction.

VGF-derived peptide, TLQP-21, regulates food intake and body weight in Siberian hamsters (2007)
Journal Article
Jethwa, P. H., Warner, A., Nilaweera, K. N., Brameld, J. M., Keyte, J. W., Carter, W. G., …Ebling, F. J. (2007). VGF-derived peptide, TLQP-21, regulates food intake and body weight in Siberian hamsters. Endocrinology, 148(8), 4044-4055. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2007-0038

The Siberian hamster survives winter by decreasing food intake and catabolizing abdominal fat reserves, resulting in a sustained, profound loss of body weight. VGF gene expression is photoperiodically regulated in the hypothalamus with significantly... Read More about VGF-derived peptide, TLQP-21, regulates food intake and body weight in Siberian hamsters.

Chronic subcutaneous administration of kisspeptin-54 causes testicular degeneration in adult male rats (2006)
Journal Article
Thompson, E. L., Murphy, K. G., Patterson, M., Bewick, G. A., Stamp, G. W., Curtis, A. E., …Bloom, S. R. (2006). Chronic subcutaneous administration of kisspeptin-54 causes testicular degeneration in adult male rats. AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 291(5), https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00040.2006

The kisspeptins are KiSS-1 gene-derived peptides that signal through the G protein-coupled receptor-54 (GPR54) and have recently been shown to be critical regulators of reproduction. Acute intracerebroventricular or peripheral administration of kissp... Read More about Chronic subcutaneous administration of kisspeptin-54 causes testicular degeneration in adult male rats.

Neuromedin U partially mediates leptin-induced hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) stimulation and has a physiological role in the regulation of the HPA axis in the rat (2006)
Journal Article
Jethwa, P. H., Smith, K. L., Small, C. J., Abbott, C. R., Darch, S. J., Murphy, K. G., …Bloom, S. R. (2006). Neuromedin U partially mediates leptin-induced hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) stimulation and has a physiological role in the regulation of the HPA axis in the rat. Endocrinology, 147(6), 2886-2892. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2005-0983

Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of the hypothalamic neuropeptide neuromedin U (NMU) or the adipostat hormone leptin increases plasma ACTH and corticosterone. The relationship between leptin and NMU in the regulation of the hypothalamo-pi... Read More about Neuromedin U partially mediates leptin-induced hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) stimulation and has a physiological role in the regulation of the HPA axis in the rat.

Neuromedin U has a physiological role in the regulation of food intake and partially mediates the effects of leptin (2005)
Journal Article
Jethwa, P. H., Small, C. J., Smith, K. L., Seth, A., Darch, S. J., Abbott, C. R., …Bloom, S. R. (2005). Neuromedin U has a physiological role in the regulation of food intake and partially mediates the effects of leptin. AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 289(2), E301-E305. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00404.2004

Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of Neuromedin U (NMU), a hypothalamic neuropeptide, or leptin, an adipostat hormone released from adipose tissue, reduces food intake and increases energy expenditure. Leptin stimulates the release of NMU... Read More about Neuromedin U has a physiological role in the regulation of food intake and partially mediates the effects of leptin.