All Outputs (113)

Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI analysis of the stomach and colon (2019)
Journal Article
Menys, A., Hoad, C., Spiller, R., Scott, M., Atkinson, D., Marciani, L., & Taylor, S. (2019). Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI analysis of the stomach and colon. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 31(5), Article e13557. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13557

Background: MRI is increasingly used to objectively assess gastrointestinal motility. However, motility metrics often do no not offer insights into the nature of contractile action. This study introduces a systematic method of making spatiotemporal m... Read More about Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI analysis of the stomach and colon.

Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers (2019)
Journal Article
Wilkinson-Smith, V., Dellschaft, N., Ansell, J., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., & Spiller, R. (2019). Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 49(6), 759-768. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15127

Background: Chronic constipation affects approximately 17% of the population worldwide and remains an important unmet need since patients are often dissatisfied with treatment. Kiwifruit may offer an alternative to traditional laxatives and have been... Read More about Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers.

Will MRI of gastrointestinal function parallel the clinical success of cine cardiac MRI? (2018)
Journal Article
Hoad, C., Clarke, C., Marciani, L., Graves, M. J., & Corsetti, M. (2018). Will MRI of gastrointestinal function parallel the clinical success of cine cardiac MRI?. British Journal of Radiology, 92(1093), https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20180433

Cine cardiac MRI is generally accepted as the “gold-standard” for functional myocardial assessment. It only took a few years after the development of commercial MRI systems for functional cardiac imaging to be developed, with electrocardiogram (ECG)-... Read More about Will MRI of gastrointestinal function parallel the clinical success of cine cardiac MRI?.

Cine MRI assessment of motility in the unprepared small bowel in the fasting and fed state: beyond the breath-hold (2018)
Journal Article
Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Spiller, R., Gowland, P., & Moran, G. (2019). Cine MRI assessment of motility in the unprepared small bowel in the fasting and fed state: beyond the breath-hold. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 31(1), e13466. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13466

Background

The symptoms of functional bowel disorders are common in postprandial but investigations are generally undertaken in the fasted state using invasive procedures. MRI provides a noninvasive tool to study the gastrointestinal tract in an u... Read More about Cine MRI assessment of motility in the unprepared small bowel in the fasting and fed state: beyond the breath-hold.

Gastric motor and sensory function in health assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: Establishment of reference intervals for the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects (2018)
Journal Article
Parker, H., Hoad, C. L., Tucker, E., Costigan, C., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., & Fox, M. (2018). Gastric motor and sensory function in health assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: Establishment of reference intervals for the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 30(12), Article e13463. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13463

Background: Current investigations of gastric emptying rarely identify the cause of symptoms or provide a definitive diagnosis in patients with dyspepsia. This study assessed gastric function by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the modular "Not... Read More about Gastric motor and sensory function in health assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: Establishment of reference intervals for the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects.

Demonstration of differences in colonic volumes, transit, chyme consistency and response to psyllium between healthy and constipated subjects using magnetic resonance imaging (2018)
Journal Article
Major, G., Murray, K., Singh, G., Nowak, A., Hoad, C. L., Marciani, L., Silos-Santiago, A., Kurtz, C. B., Johnston, J., Gowland, P., & Spiller, R. C. (2018). Demonstration of differences in colonic volumes, transit, chyme consistency and response to psyllium between healthy and constipated subjects using magnetic resonance imaging. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 30(9), Article e13400. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13400

Background: In functional gastrointestinal disorders a lack of objective biomarkers limits evaluation of underlying mechanisms. We aimed to demonstrate the utility of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for this task using psyllium, an effective constip... Read More about Demonstration of differences in colonic volumes, transit, chyme consistency and response to psyllium between healthy and constipated subjects using magnetic resonance imaging.

A low FODMAP diet is associated with changes in the microbiota and reduction in breath hydrogen but not colonic volume in healthy subjects (2018)
Journal Article
Sloan, T. J., Jalanka, J., Major, G. A. D., Krishnasamy, S., Pritchard, S., Abdelrazig, S., Korpela, K., Singh, G., Mulvenna, C., Hoad, C. L., Marciani, L., Barrett, D. A., Lomer, M. C. E., de Vos, W. M., Gowland, P. A., & Spiller, R. C. (2018). A low FODMAP diet is associated with changes in the microbiota and reduction in breath hydrogen but not colonic volume in healthy subjects. PLoS ONE, 13(7), Article e0201410. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201410

Background & aims

Ingestion of poorly digested, fermentable carbohydrates (fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols; FODMAPs) have been implicated in exacerbating intestinal symptoms and the reduction of intake with symptom alleviatio... Read More about A low FODMAP diet is associated with changes in the microbiota and reduction in breath hydrogen but not colonic volume in healthy subjects.

Systematic review of the evidence for sustained efficacy of dietary interventions for reducing appetite or energy intake (2018)
Journal Article
Halford, J. C., Masic, U., Marseaux, C. F., Jones, A. J., Lluch, A., Marciani, L., Mars, M., Vinoy, S., Westerterp-Plantenga, M., & Mela, D. J. (2018). Systematic review of the evidence for sustained efficacy of dietary interventions for reducing appetite or energy intake. Obesity Reviews, 19(10), 1329-1339. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12712

We assessed evidence for changes in efficacy of food-based interventions aimed at reducing appetite or energy intake (EI), and whether this could be used to provide guidance on trial design.
A systematic search identified randomized controlled tria... Read More about Systematic review of the evidence for sustained efficacy of dietary interventions for reducing appetite or energy intake.

Formulation predictive dissolution (fPD) testing to advance oral drug product development: an introduction to the US FDA funded ‘21st Century BA/BE’ project (2018)
Journal Article
Hens, B., Sinko, P., Job, N., Dean, M., Al-Gousous, J., Salehi, N., Ziff, R. M., Tsume, Y., Bermejo, M., Paixao, P., Brasseur, J. G., Yu, A., Talattof, A., Benninghoff, G., Langguth, P., Lennernas, H., Hasler, W. L., Marciani, L., Dickens, J., Shedden, K., …Amidon, G. L. (2018). Formulation predictive dissolution (fPD) testing to advance oral drug product development: an introduction to the US FDA funded ‘21st Century BA/BE’ project. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 548(1), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.06.050

Over the past decade, formulation predictive dissolution (fPD) testing has gained increasing attention. Another mindset is pushed forward where scientists in our field are more confident to explore the in vivo behavior of an oral drug product by perf... Read More about Formulation predictive dissolution (fPD) testing to advance oral drug product development: an introduction to the US FDA funded ‘21st Century BA/BE’ project.

Summary of the In Vivo Predictive Dissolution (iPD): Oral Drug Delivery (ODD) Conference 2018 (2018)
Journal Article
Hens, B., Al-Gousous, J., Wang, K., Salehi, N., Ziff, R. M., Tsume, Y., Bermejo, M., Paixão, P., Brasseur, J. G., Yu, A., Talattof, A., Benninghoff, G., Langguth, P., Lennernäs, H., Hasler, W. L., Marciani, L., Sun, D., Amidon, G. E., Dickens, J., Shedden, K., …Amidon, G. L. (2018). Summary of the In Vivo Predictive Dissolution (iPD): Oral Drug Delivery (ODD) Conference 2018. Dissolution Technologies, 25(2), 50-53. https://doi.org/10.14227/DT250218P50

Insights into the different effects of food on intestinal secretion using magnetic resonance imaging (2018)
Journal Article
Wilkinson-Smith, V. C., Major, G., Ashleigh, L., Murray, K., Hoad, C. L., Marciani, L., Gowland, P. A., & Spiller, R. C. (2018). Insights into the different effects of food on intestinal secretion using magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 42(8), 1342-1348. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.1157

Background

Ileostomy output determines need for parenteral fluid support. Plant foods may contain chemicals that stimulate intestinal secretion eg. lactucins in lettuce and rhein in rhubarb. These may account for increases in ileostomy output but... Read More about Insights into the different effects of food on intestinal secretion using magnetic resonance imaging.

Cortical differences in diverticular disease and correlation with symptom reports (2018)
Journal Article
Pitiot, A., Smith, J. K., Garratt, J., Francis, S. T., Gowland, P. A., Spiller, R. C., & Marciani, L. (2018). Cortical differences in diverticular disease and correlation with symptom reports. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 30(7), Article e13303. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13303

Background

Recent studies have shown that the brain of patients with gastrointestinal disease differ both structurally and functionally from that of controls. Highly somatizing diverticular disease (HSDD) patients were also shown to differ from l... Read More about Cortical differences in diverticular disease and correlation with symptom reports.

Glycaemic, gastrointestinal and appetite responses to breakfast porridges from ancient cereal grains: a MRI pilot study in healthy humans (2017)
Journal Article
Alyami, J., Ladd, N., Pritchard, S. E., Hoad, C. L., Abdul Sultan, A., Spiller, R. C., Gowland, P. A., MacDonald, I. A., Aithal, G. P., Marciani, L., & Taylor, M. A. (2017). Glycaemic, gastrointestinal and appetite responses to breakfast porridges from ancient cereal grains: a MRI pilot study in healthy humans. Food Research International, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.071

Cereal grain based porridges are commonly consumed throughout the world. Whilst some data are available for varieties that are popular in the Western world such as oats and rye, other ‘ancient’ grains used in the East and in Africa such as millets ar... Read More about Glycaemic, gastrointestinal and appetite responses to breakfast porridges from ancient cereal grains: a MRI pilot study in healthy humans.

Mechanistic Fluid Transport Model to Estimate Gastrointestinal Fluid Volume and Its Dynamic Change Over Time (2017)
Journal Article
Yu, A., Jackson, T., Tsume, Y., Koenigsknecht, M., Wysocki, J., Marciani, L., Amidon, G. L., Frances, A., Baker, J. R., Hasler, W., Wen, B., Pai, A., & Sun, D. (2017). Mechanistic Fluid Transport Model to Estimate Gastrointestinal Fluid Volume and Its Dynamic Change Over Time. AAPS Journal, 19(6), 1682-1690. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12248-017-0145-x

Gastrointestinal (GI) fluid volume and its dynamic change are integral to study drug disintegration, dissolution, transit, and absorption. However, key questions regarding the local volume and its absorption, secretion, and transit remain unanswered.... Read More about Mechanistic Fluid Transport Model to Estimate Gastrointestinal Fluid Volume and Its Dynamic Change Over Time.

MRI assessment of the postprandial gastrointestinal motility and peptide response in healthy humans (2017)
Journal Article
Khalaf, A., Hoad, C., Menys, A., Nowak, A., Taylor, S. A., Paparo, S., Lingaya, M., Falcone, Y., Singh, G., Spiller, R. C., Gowland, P. A., Marciani, L., & Moran, G. W. (2018). MRI assessment of the postprandial gastrointestinal motility and peptide response in healthy humans. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 30(1), Article e13182. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13182

Background: Feeding triggers inter-related gastrointestinal (GI) motor, peptide and appetite responses. These are rarely studied together due to methodological limitations. Recent MRI advances allow pan-intestinal, non-invasive assessment of motility... Read More about MRI assessment of the postprandial gastrointestinal motility and peptide response in healthy humans.

Magnetic resonance imaging quantification of fasted state colonic liquid pockets in healthy humans (2017)
Journal Article
Murray, K., Hoad, C. L., Mudie, D. M., Wright, J., Heissam, K., Abrehart, N., Pritchard, S. E., Al Atwah, S., Gowland, P. A., Garnett, M. C., Amidon, G. E., Spiller, R. C., Amidon, G. L., & Marciani, L. (2017). Magnetic resonance imaging quantification of fasted state colonic liquid pockets in healthy humans. Molecular Pharmaceutics, 14(8), 2629-2638. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00095

The rate and extent of drug dissolution and absorption from solid oral dosage forms is highly dependent on the volume of liquid in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). However, little is known about the time course of GIT liquid volumes after drinking a... Read More about Magnetic resonance imaging quantification of fasted state colonic liquid pockets in healthy humans.

Clinical assessment of gastric emptying and sensory function utilizing gamma scintigraphy: Establishment of reference intervals for the liquid and solid components of the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects (2017)
Journal Article
Parker, H. L., Tucker, E., Blackshaw, E., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Perkins, A., Menne, D., & Fox, M. (2017). Clinical assessment of gastric emptying and sensory function utilizing gamma scintigraphy: Establishment of reference intervals for the liquid and solid components of the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 29(11), e13122. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13122

Background: Current investigations of stomach function are based on small test meals that do not reliably induce symptoms and analysis techniques that rarely detect clinically relevant dysfunction. This study presents the reference intervals of the m... Read More about Clinical assessment of gastric emptying and sensory function utilizing gamma scintigraphy: Establishment of reference intervals for the liquid and solid components of the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects.

Assessment of motion of colonic contents in the human colon using MRI tagging (2017)
Journal Article
Pritchard, S. E., Paul, J., Major, G., Marciani, L., Gowland, P. A., Spiller, R. C., & Hoad, C. (2017). Assessment of motion of colonic contents in the human colon using MRI tagging. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 29(9), Article e13091. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13091

Background We have previously reported a non-invasive, semi-automated technique to assess motility of the wall of the ascending colon (AC) using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. This study investigated the feasibility of using a tagged MRI technique to vi... Read More about Assessment of motion of colonic contents in the human colon using MRI tagging.

Endotoxemia in peritoneal dialysis patients: a pilot study to examine the role of intestinal perfusion and congestion (2017)
Journal Article
Grant, C., Harrison, L., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Cox, E., Buchanan, C., Costigan, C., Francis, S., Lai, K.-B., Szeto, C.-C., Gowland, P., & McIntyre, C. (2017). Endotoxemia in peritoneal dialysis patients: a pilot study to examine the role of intestinal perfusion and congestion. Peritoneal Dialysis International, 37(1), 111-115. https://doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2016.00079

Endotoxemia is common in advanced chronic kidney disease and is particularly severe in those receiving dialysis. In hemodialysis patients, translocation from the bowel occurs as a consequence of recurrent circulatory stress leading to a reduction in... Read More about Endotoxemia in peritoneal dialysis patients: a pilot study to examine the role of intestinal perfusion and congestion.

Distinct abnormalities of small bowel and regional colonic volumes in subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome revealed by MRI (2016)
Journal Article
Lam, C., Chaddock, G., Marciani, L., Costigan, C., Cox, E., Hoad, C., Pritchard, S. E., Gowland, P. A., & Spiller, R. C. (in press). Distinct abnormalities of small bowel and regional colonic volumes in subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome revealed by MRI. American Journal of Gastroenterology, https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2016.538

OBJECTIVES: Non-invasive biomarkers which identify different mechanisms of disease in subgroups of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) could be valuable. Our aim was to seek useful magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters that could distinguish each IB... Read More about Distinct abnormalities of small bowel and regional colonic volumes in subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome revealed by MRI.