Effect of extended morning fasting upon ad libitum lunch intake and associated metabolic and hormonal responses in obese adults

Chowdhury, E.A.; Richardson, J.D.; Tsintzas, Kostas; Thompson, D.; Betts, J.A.

doi:10.1038/ijo.2015.154

Systematic Review: Sarcopenia in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (2023)
Journal Article
Aljilani, B., Tsintzas, K., Jacques, M., Radford, S., & Moran, G. W. (2023). Systematic Review: Sarcopenia in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 57, 647-654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.08.009

Background: Low skeletal muscle mass (MM) and deteriorated function (sarcopenia) can be a frequent complication in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Aim: To conduct a systematic review of the paediatric IBD literature on skeletal muscle fu... Read More about Systematic Review: Sarcopenia in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease.

FGF21 contributes to metabolic improvements elicited by combination therapy with exenatide and pioglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes (2022)
Journal Article
Samms, R. J., Cheng, C. C., Fourcaudot, M., Heikkinen, S., Khattab, A., Adams, J., …Norton, L. (2022). FGF21 contributes to metabolic improvements elicited by combination therapy with exenatide and pioglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes. AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 323(2), E123-E132. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00050.2022

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is increased acutely by carbohydrate ingestion and is elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the physiological significance of increased FGF21 in humans remains largely unknown. We examined wheth... Read More about FGF21 contributes to metabolic improvements elicited by combination therapy with exenatide and pioglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Acute effects of prior dietary fat ingestion on postprandial metabolic responses to protein and carbohydrate co-ingestion in overweight and obese men: A randomised crossover trial (2022)
Journal Article
Wilhelmsen, A., Davies, A., Mallinson, J., Pabla, P., Jones, R., Palmer, E. A., …Tsintzas, K. (2022). Acute effects of prior dietary fat ingestion on postprandial metabolic responses to protein and carbohydrate co-ingestion in overweight and obese men: A randomised crossover trial. Clinical Nutrition, 41(8), 1623-1635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2022.06.022

Background: Obesity and insulin resistance are associated with an impaired sensitivity to anabolic stimuli such as dietary protein (anabolic resistance). Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) may be protective against the deleterious effects... Read More about Acute effects of prior dietary fat ingestion on postprandial metabolic responses to protein and carbohydrate co-ingestion in overweight and obese men: A randomised crossover trial.

Sarcopenic obesity is associated with telomere shortening: findings from the NHANES 1999–2002 (2021)
Journal Article
Goddard, T., Tsintzas, K., Stephan, B. C., Prado, C. M., Mazidi, M., & Siervo, M. (2021). Sarcopenic obesity is associated with telomere shortening: findings from the NHANES 1999–2002. International Journal of Obesity, 46, 437–440. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-021-00995-z

Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is characterised by the concurrent presence of sarcopenia and excess adiposity. Telomere shortening has been associated with sarcopenia and obesity alone but the association between SO and telomere length (TL) has not been inv... Read More about Sarcopenic obesity is associated with telomere shortening: findings from the NHANES 1999–2002.

A randomized controlled trial to isolate the effects of fasting and energy restriction on weight loss and metabolic health in lean adults (2021)
Journal Article
Templeman, I., Smith, H. A., Chowdhury, E., Chen, Y. C., Carroll, H., Johnson-Bonson, D., …Betts, J. A. (2021). A randomized controlled trial to isolate the effects of fasting and energy restriction on weight loss and metabolic health in lean adults. Science Translational Medicine, 13(598), Article 00. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.abd8034

Intermittent fasting may impart metabolic benefits independent of energy balance by initiating fasting-mediated mechanisms. This randomized controlled trial examined 24-hour fasting with 150% energy intake on alternate days for 3 weeks in lean, healt... Read More about A randomized controlled trial to isolate the effects of fasting and energy restriction on weight loss and metabolic health in lean adults.

Skeletal muscle anabolic and insulin sensitivity responses to a mixed meal in adult patients with active Crohn's disease (2020)
Journal Article
Davies, A., Nixon, A., Tsintzas, K., Stephens, F. B., & Moran, G. W. (2021). Skeletal muscle anabolic and insulin sensitivity responses to a mixed meal in adult patients with active Crohn's disease. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 41, 305-313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.11.014

© 2020 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism Background and aims: We have previously shown reduced protein balance in response to nutrition in paediatric Crohn's disease (CD) in remission, associated with reduced lean mass (sarcopeni... Read More about Skeletal muscle anabolic and insulin sensitivity responses to a mixed meal in adult patients with active Crohn's disease.

Two weeks of early time-restricted feeding (eTRF) improves skeletal muscle insulin and anabolic sensitivity in healthy men (2020)
Journal Article
Jones, R., Pabla, P., Mallinson, J., Nixon, A., Taylor, T., Bennett, A., & Tsintzas, K. (2020). Two weeks of early time-restricted feeding (eTRF) improves skeletal muscle insulin and anabolic sensitivity in healthy men. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 112(4), 1015-1028. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa192

Copyright © The Author(s) on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition 2020. BACKGROUND: Altering the temporal distribution of energy intake (EI) and introducing periods of intermittent fasting (IF) exert important metabolic effects. Restricting E... Read More about Two weeks of early time-restricted feeding (eTRF) improves skeletal muscle insulin and anabolic sensitivity in healthy men.

Effect of acute and short-term dietary fat ingestion on postprandial skeletal muscle protein synthesis rates in middle-aged, overweight, and obese men (2020)
Journal Article
Tsintzas, K., Jones, R., Pabla, P., Mallinson, J., Barrett, D. A., Kim, D. H., …Stephens, F. B. (2020). Effect of acute and short-term dietary fat ingestion on postprandial skeletal muscle protein synthesis rates in middle-aged, overweight, and obese men. AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 318(3), E417-E429. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00344.2019

Muscle anabolic resistance to dietary protein is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. However, the contribution of excess consumption of fat to anabolic resistance is not well studied. The aim of these studies was to test the hypothesis th... Read More about Effect of acute and short-term dietary fat ingestion on postprandial skeletal muscle protein synthesis rates in middle-aged, overweight, and obese men.

Chronic effects of high-intensity interval training on postprandial lipemia in healthy men (2019)
Journal Article
Wilhelmsen, A. J., Tsintzas, K., Mallinson, J., Jones, R., Cooper, S., & Taylor, T. (2019). Chronic effects of high-intensity interval training on postprandial lipemia in healthy men. Journal of Applied Physiology, 127(6), 1763-1771. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00131.2019

The aim of this study was to determine thechronic (≥72h post-exercise) effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on postprandial lipaemia and metabolic markers in healthy volunteers. Eight physically active young males (Mean ± SD: age 22 ± 3... Read More about Chronic effects of high-intensity interval training on postprandial lipemia in healthy men.

Reduced skeletal muscle protein balance in paediatric Crohn’s disease (2019)
Journal Article
Davies, A., Nixon, A., Muhammed, R., Tsintzas, K., Kirkham, S., Stephens, F. B., & Moran, G. W. (2020). Reduced skeletal muscle protein balance in paediatric Crohn’s disease. Clinical Nutrition, 39(4), 1250-1257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2019.05.017

Background and Aims
An inability to respond to nutrition could be implicated in low muscle mass in Crohn’s disease. We aim to determine skeletal muscle metabolic response to feeding in Crohn’s disease and healthy volunteers.

Methods
Twenty asymp... Read More about Reduced skeletal muscle protein balance in paediatric Crohn’s disease.

Obese subcutaneous adipose tissue impairs human myogenesis, particularly in old skeletal muscle, via resistin-mediated activation of NFκB (2018)
Journal Article
O’Leary, M. F., Wallace, G. R., Davis, E. T., Murphy, D. P., Nicholson, T., Bennett, A. J., …Jones, S. W. (2018). Obese subcutaneous adipose tissue impairs human myogenesis, particularly in old skeletal muscle, via resistin-mediated activation of NFκB. Scientific Reports, 8(1), Article 15360. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-33840-x

Adiposity and adipokines are implicated in the loss of skeletal muscle mass with age and in several chronic disease states. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of human obese and lean subcutaneous adipose tissue secretome on myogenesis... Read More about Obese subcutaneous adipose tissue impairs human myogenesis, particularly in old skeletal muscle, via resistin-mediated activation of NFκB.

Transcriptomic analyses reveal rhythmic and CLOCK-driven pathways in human skeletal muscle (2018)
Journal Article
Perrin, L., Loizides-Mangold, U., Chanon, S., Gobet, C., Hulo, N., Isenegger, L., …Dibner, C. (2018). Transcriptomic analyses reveal rhythmic and CLOCK-driven pathways in human skeletal muscle. eLife, 7, Article e34114. https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.34114.001

Circadian regulation of transcriptional processes has a broad impact on cell metabolism. Here, we compared the diurnal transcriptome of human skeletal muscle conducted on serial muscle biopsies in vivo with profiles of human skeletal myotubes synchro... Read More about Transcriptomic analyses reveal rhythmic and CLOCK-driven pathways in human skeletal muscle.

Metabolic and molecular changes associated with the increased skeletal muscle insulin action 24–48 h after exercise in young and old humans (2018)
Journal Article
Stephens, F. B., & Tsintzas, K. (2018). Metabolic and molecular changes associated with the increased skeletal muscle insulin action 24–48 h after exercise in young and old humans. Biochemical Society Transactions, 46(1), https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20170198

The molecular and metabolic mechanisms underlying the increase in insulin sensitivity (i.e. increased insulin-stimulated skeletal muscle glucose uptake, phosphorylation and storage as glycogen) observed from 12 to 48 h following a single bout of exer... Read More about Metabolic and molecular changes associated with the increased skeletal muscle insulin action 24–48 h after exercise in young and old humans.

Molecular adaptations of adipose tissue to 6 weeks of morning fasting vs. daily breakfast consumption in lean and obese adults (2017)
Journal Article
Gonzalez, J. T., Richardson, J. D., Chowdhury, E. A., Koumanov, F., Holman, G. D., Cooper, S., …Betts, J. A. (2018). Molecular adaptations of adipose tissue to 6 weeks of morning fasting vs. daily breakfast consumption in lean and obese adults. Journal of Physiology, 596(4), https://doi.org/10.1113/JP275113

This study assessed molecular responses of human subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SCAT) to 6 weeks of morning fasting. Forty‐nine healthy lean (n = 29) and obese (n = 20) adults provided SCAT biopsies before and after 6 weeks of morning fasting... Read More about Molecular adaptations of adipose tissue to 6 weeks of morning fasting vs. daily breakfast consumption in lean and obese adults.

IL-15 promotes human myogenesis and mitigates the detrimental effects of TNFα on myotube development (2017)
Journal Article
O’Leary, M. F., Wallace, G. R., Bennett, A. J., Tsintzas, K., & Jones, S. W. (in press). IL-15 promotes human myogenesis and mitigates the detrimental effects of TNFα on myotube development. Scientific Reports, 7(1), Article 12997. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13479-w

Studies in murine cell lines and in mouse models suggest that IL-15 promotes myogenesis and may protect against the inflammation-mediated skeletal muscle atrophy which occurs in sarcopenia and cachexia. The effects of IL-15 on human skeletal muscle g... Read More about IL-15 promotes human myogenesis and mitigates the detrimental effects of TNFα on myotube development.

FGF21 is an insulin-dependent postprandial hormone in adult humans (2017)
Journal Article
Samms, R. J., Lewis, J. E., Norton, L., Stephens, F. B., Gaffney, C. J., Butterfield, T., …Tsintzas, K. (in press). FGF21 is an insulin-dependent postprandial hormone in adult humans. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2017-01257

Context: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) secretion has been shown to respond directly to carbohydrate consumption, with glucose, fructose and sucrose all reported to increase plasma levels of FGF21 in rodents and humans. However, carbohydrate con... Read More about FGF21 is an insulin-dependent postprandial hormone in adult humans.

Intramyocellular lipid content and lipogenic gene expression responses following a single bout of resistance type exercise differ between young and older men (2017)
Journal Article
Tsintzas, K., Stephens, F. B., Snijders, T., Wall, B. T., Cooper, S., Mallinson, J., …van Loon, L. J. (2017). Intramyocellular lipid content and lipogenic gene expression responses following a single bout of resistance type exercise differ between young and older men. Experimental Gerontology, 93, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2017.03.018

The aim of this study was to examine the temporal relationship between intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content and the expression of genes associated with IMCL turnover, fat metabolism, and inflammation during recovery from an acute bout of resistance... Read More about Intramyocellular lipid content and lipogenic gene expression responses following a single bout of resistance type exercise differ between young and older men.

The causal role of breakfast in energy balance and health: a randomized controlled trial in obese adults (2016)
Journal Article
Chowdhury, E. A., Richardson, J. D., Holman, G. D., Tsintzas, K., Thompson, D., & Betts, J. A. (2016). The causal role of breakfast in energy balance and health: a randomized controlled trial in obese adults. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 103(3), https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.122044

Background: The causal nature of associations between breakfast and health remain unclear in obese individuals.
Objective: We sought to conduct a randomized controlled trial to examine causal links between breakfast habits and components of energy b... Read More about The causal role of breakfast in energy balance and health: a randomized controlled trial in obese adults.

Antibody-mediated inhibition of the FGFR1c isoform induces a catabolic lean state in Siberian hamsters (2015)
Journal Article
Samms, R. J., Lewis, J. E., Lory, A., Fowler, M. J., Cooper, S., Warner, A., …Ebling, F. J. (2015). Antibody-mediated inhibition of the FGFR1c isoform induces a catabolic lean state in Siberian hamsters. Current Biology, 25(22), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2015.10.010

Hypothalamic tanycytes are considered to function as sensors of peripheral metabolism [1]. To facilitate this role, they express a wide range of receptors, including fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1). Using a monoclonal antibody (IMC-H7) th... Read More about Antibody-mediated inhibition of the FGFR1c isoform induces a catabolic lean state in Siberian hamsters.

Effect of extended morning fasting upon ad libitum lunch intake and associated metabolic and hormonal responses in obese adults (2015)
Journal Article
Chowdhury, E., Richardson, J., Tsintzas, K., Thompson, D., & Betts, J. (in press). Effect of extended morning fasting upon ad libitum lunch intake and associated metabolic and hormonal responses in obese adults. International Journal of Obesity, 40(2), https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2015.154

Background/Objectives:

Breakfast omission is positively associated with obesity and increased risk of disease. However, little is known about the acute effects of extended morning fasting upon subsequent energy intake and associated metabolic/reg... Read More about Effect of extended morning fasting upon ad libitum lunch intake and associated metabolic and hormonal responses in obese adults.

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