All Outputs (3)

What is the link between natural disaster and human trafficking and slavery? (2021)
Journal Article
Bales, K. (2021). What is the link between natural disaster and human trafficking and slavery?. Journal of Modern Slavery, 6(3), 36-47. https://doi.org/10.22150/jms/mojj8604

A popular supposition is that natural disasters generate immediate criminal activity by human traffickers. There is little evidence to support this idea. It is clear that natural disasters can dramatically increase vulnerability, which then increases... Read More about What is the link between natural disaster and human trafficking and slavery?.

From forests to factories: How modern slavery deepens the crisis of climate change (2021)
Journal Article
Bales, K., & Sovacool, B. K. (2021). From forests to factories: How modern slavery deepens the crisis of climate change. Energy Research and Social Science, 77, Article 102096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.102096

Globally those in slavery, though small in absolute numbers (est. 40.2 million), contribute disproportionately to environmental destruction and carbon emissions. If modern slaves were a country, they would be the third largest emitter of carbon dioxi... Read More about From forests to factories: How modern slavery deepens the crisis of climate change.

Growing evidence of the interconnections between modern slavery, environmental degradation, and climate change (2021)
Journal Article
Decker Sparks, J. L., Boyd, D. S., Jackson, B., Ives, C. D., & Bales, K. (2021). Growing evidence of the interconnections between modern slavery, environmental degradation, and climate change. One Earth, 4(2), 181-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2021.01.015

The modern slavery–environmental degradation–climate change nexus may threaten the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Globally, approximately 12.2 million workers are entrapped in modern slavery in environmentally degrading acti... Read More about Growing evidence of the interconnections between modern slavery, environmental degradation, and climate change.