All Outputs (85)

Differential effects of short-term ? agonist and growth hormone treatments on expression of myosin heavy chain IIB and associated metabolic genes in sheep muscle (2014)
Journal Article

Growth hormone (GH) and ? agonists increase muscle mass, but the mechanisms for this response are unclear and the magnitude of response is thought to vary with age of animal. To investigate the mechanisms driving the muscle response to these agents,... Read More about Differential effects of short-term ? agonist and growth hormone treatments on expression of myosin heavy chain IIB and associated metabolic genes in sheep muscle.

Dose-dependent effects of vitamin D on transdifferentiation of skeletal muscle cells to adipose cells (2013)
Journal Article

Fat infiltration within muscle is one of a number of features of vitamin D deficiency, which leads to a decline in muscle functionality. The origin of this fat is unclear, but one possibility is that it forms from myogenic precursor cells present in... Read More about Dose-dependent effects of vitamin D on transdifferentiation of skeletal muscle cells to adipose cells.

Increased Responses to the Actions of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 on Energy Balance and Body Weight in a Seasonal Model of Adiposity (2012)
Journal Article

The present study aimed to investigate the actions of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) on energy balance in a natural model of relative fatness, the Siberian hamster. Hamsters were studied under long days (LD) to promote weight gain, or short days... Read More about Increased Responses to the Actions of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 on Energy Balance and Body Weight in a Seasonal Model of Adiposity.

Effects of manipulating hypothalamic triiodothyronine concentrations on seasonal body weight and torpor cycles in Siberian hamsters (2012)
Journal Article

Siberian hamsters display photoperiodically regulated annual cycles in body weight, appetite, and reproduction. Previous studies have revealed a profound up-regulation of type 3 deiodinase (DIO3) mRNA in the ventral ependyma of the hypothalamus assoc... Read More about Effects of manipulating hypothalamic triiodothyronine concentrations on seasonal body weight and torpor cycles in Siberian hamsters.

Myosin heavy chain mRNA isoforms are expressed in two distinct cohorts during C2C12 myogenesis (2011)
Journal Article

The regulation of muscle fibre transitions has mainly been studied in vivo using conventional histological or immunohistochemical techniques. In order to investigate the molecular regulation of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression in cell cul... Read More about Myosin heavy chain mRNA isoforms are expressed in two distinct cohorts during C2C12 myogenesis.

Regional variation in angiotensin converting enzyme activity in the human placenta (2011)
Journal Article

Sensitivity of chorionic plate arteries to angiotensin II (AngII) is greatest at the placental periphery. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is central to the synthesis of AngII and is present in the placental vasculature. We measured vascular ACE a... Read More about Regional variation in angiotensin converting enzyme activity in the human placenta.

Use of the Affymetrix human GeneChip array and genomic DNA hybridisation probe selection to study ovine transcriptomes (2011)
Journal Article

Affymetrix GeneChip microarrays are a powerful tool to study global gene expression profiles and have been used on many species. However, no sheep-specific Affymetrix GeneChip is currently available and the bovine array is fairly limited in its cover... Read More about Use of the Affymetrix human GeneChip array and genomic DNA hybridisation probe selection to study ovine transcriptomes.

Advances in research on the prenatal development of skeletal muscle in animals in relation to the quality of muscle-based food. I. Regulation of myogenesis and environmental impact (2011)
Journal Article

Skeletal muscle development in vertebrates - also termed myogenesis - is a highly integrated process. Evidence to date indicates that the processes are very similar across mammals, poultry and fish, although the timings of the various steps differ co... Read More about Advances in research on the prenatal development of skeletal muscle in animals in relation to the quality of muscle-based food. I. Regulation of myogenesis and environmental impact.

Advances in research on the prenatal development of skeletal muscle in animals in relation to the quality of muscle-based food. II - Genetic factors related to animal performance and advances in methodology (2011)
Journal Article

Selective breeding is an effective tool to improve livestock. Several selection experiments have been conducted to study direct selection responses as well as correlated responses in traits of skeletal muscle growth and function. Moreover, comparison... Read More about Advances in research on the prenatal development of skeletal muscle in animals in relation to the quality of muscle-based food. II - Genetic factors related to animal performance and advances in methodology.

Biological mechanisms of fetal development relating to postnatal growth, efficiency and carcass characteristics in ruminants (2010)
Book Chapter

Copyright © International Atomic Energy Agency 2010. All Rights Reserved. Over recent years there has been a lot of interest in the effects of prenatal environment on subsequent development of tissues and the postnatal consequences. In farm animal sp... Read More about Biological mechanisms of fetal development relating to postnatal growth, efficiency and carcass characteristics in ruminants.

Regulation of ovine and porcine stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase gene promoters by fatty acids and sterols (2010)
Journal Article

Stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) is responsible for converting SFA into MUFA and plays an important role in regulating the fatty acid composition of tissues. Although the number of SCD isoforms differs among species, SCD-1 is the predominant isoform exp... Read More about Regulation of ovine and porcine stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase gene promoters by fatty acids and sterols.

Effects of photoperiod on daily locomotor activity, energy expenditure, and feeding behavior in a seasonal mammal (2010)
Journal Article

The objective of this study was to determine whether the previously observed effects of photoperiod on body weight in Siberian hamsters were due to changes in the daily patterns of locomotor activity, energy expenditure, and/or feeding behavior. Adul... Read More about Effects of photoperiod on daily locomotor activity, energy expenditure, and feeding behavior in a seasonal mammal.

Short-days induce weight loss in siberian hamsters despite overexpression of the agouti-related peptide gene (2010)
Journal Article

Many vertebrates express profound annual cycles of body fattening, although it is not clear whether these represent differential activity of the central pathways known to mediate homeostatic control of food intake and energy expenditure, or whether t... Read More about Short-days induce weight loss in siberian hamsters despite overexpression of the agouti-related peptide gene.

Physiological concentrations of dietary polyphenols regulate vascular endothelial cell expression of genes important in cardiovascular health (2009)
Journal Article

Previous cell culture-based studies have shown potential health beneficial effects on gene expression of dietary polyphenols, including those found in red wine and green tea. However, these studies have tended to use higher concentrations (2-100m) th... Read More about Physiological concentrations of dietary polyphenols regulate vascular endothelial cell expression of genes important in cardiovascular health.

Examination of myosin heavy chain isoform expression in ovine skeletal muscles (2009)
Journal Article

The contractile and associated metabolic characteristics of muscles are determined by their myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform expression. In large mammals, the level of MHCIIB expression, which is associated with fast glycolytic-type muscle fibers, ha... Read More about Examination of myosin heavy chain isoform expression in ovine skeletal muscles.

In utero effects on livestock muscle development and body composition (2008)
Journal Article

This review will focus on the evidence for in utero effects on development of skeletal muscle in farm and laboratory animals, particularly sheep and pigs. We will describe genetic and environmental factors that have been shown to alter the numbers of... Read More about In utero effects on livestock muscle development and body composition.

Effects of dietary polyphenols on gene expression in human vascular endothelial cells (2008)
Journal Article

Previous studies have shown that consumption of fruit and vegetables plays a role in preventing the onset of CVD. These beneficial effects have been linked to the presence of polyphenolic compounds in plant-derived foods and their antioxidant capacit... Read More about Effects of dietary polyphenols on gene expression in human vascular endothelial cells.

Effect of maternal undernutrition on ruminant carcass and meat quality (2007)
Journal Article

We have previously shown that, in sheep, the majority of muscle differentiation and fibre formation takes place around d85 of gestation, with myoblast proliferation occurring before this time (FAHEY et al., 2005a). In a second study (FAHEY et al., 20... Read More about Effect of maternal undernutrition on ruminant carcass and meat quality.

VGF-derived peptide, TLQP-21, regulates food intake and body weight in Siberian hamsters (2007)
Journal Article

The Siberian hamster survives winter by decreasing food intake and catabolizing abdominal fat reserves, resulting in a sustained, profound loss of body weight. VGF gene expression is photoperiodically regulated in the hypothalamus with significantly... Read More about VGF-derived peptide, TLQP-21, regulates food intake and body weight in Siberian hamsters.

Fetal exposure to a maternal low-protein diet during mid-gestation results in muscle-specific effects on fibre type composition in young rats (2007)
Journal Article

This study assessed the impact of reduced dietary protein during specific periods of fetal life upon muscle fibre development in young rats. Pregnant rats were fed a control or low-protein (LP) diet at early (days 0-7 gestation, LPEarly), mid (days 8... Read More about Fetal exposure to a maternal low-protein diet during mid-gestation results in muscle-specific effects on fibre type composition in young rats.