All Outputs (244)

Assessment of the Androgen Receptor in Older Women with Primary Breast Cancer: Association with a Panel of Biomarkers and Breast Cancer Specific Survival (2023)
Journal Article
Kalvala, J., Parks, R. M., Abdi, J., Green, A. R., & Cheung, K. L. (2023). Assessment of the Androgen Receptor in Older Women with Primary Breast Cancer: Association with a Panel of Biomarkers and Breast Cancer Specific Survival. Advances in Therapy, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-023-02504-2

Introduction
Breast cancer in older women tends to have more favourable biology, compared to younger women. Androgen receptor (AR) is significant for breast tumour carcinogenesis; however, the role of AR in older women has not been fully explored.... Read More about Assessment of the Androgen Receptor in Older Women with Primary Breast Cancer: Association with a Panel of Biomarkers and Breast Cancer Specific Survival.

High Inner Centromere Protein Expression Correlates with Aggressive Features and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with Invasive Breast Cancer (2023)
Journal Article
Ibrahim, A., Miligy, I. M., Toss, M. S., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2023). High Inner Centromere Protein Expression Correlates with Aggressive Features and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with Invasive Breast Cancer. Pathobiology, 90(6), 377–388. https://doi.org/10.1159/000529628

Introduction: Inner centromere protein (INCENP) is a member of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) and plays a key role in mitosis and cell proliferation. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and prognostic significance of INCENP in invasive... Read More about High Inner Centromere Protein Expression Correlates with Aggressive Features and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with Invasive Breast Cancer.

A retrospective analysis of ezrin protein and mRNA expression in breast cancer: Ezrin expression is associated with patient survival and survival of patients with receptor-positive disease (2023)
Journal Article
Storr, S. J., Hoskin, V., Aiyappa‐Maudsley, R., Ghaffari, A., Varma, S., Green, A., Rakha, E., Ellis, I. O., Greer, P. A., & Martin, S. G. (2023). A retrospective analysis of ezrin protein and mRNA expression in breast cancer: Ezrin expression is associated with patient survival and survival of patients with receptor-positive disease. Cancer Medicine, 12(9), 10908-10916. https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.5802

Introduction: The cytoskeletal protein ezrin is upregulated in many cancer types and is strongly associated with poor patient outcome. While the clinical and prognostic value of ezrin has been previously evaluated in breast cancer, most studies to da... Read More about A retrospective analysis of ezrin protein and mRNA expression in breast cancer: Ezrin expression is associated with patient survival and survival of patients with receptor-positive disease.

RANK is a poor prognosis marker and a therapeutic target in ER-negative postmenopausal breast cancer (2023)
Journal Article
Ciscar, M., Trinidad, E. M., Perez-Chacon, G., Alsaleem, M., Jimenez, M., Jimenez-Santos, M. J., Perez-Montoyo, H., Sanz-Moreno, A., Vethencourt, A., Toss, M., Petit, A., Soler-Monso, M. T., Lopez, V., Gomez-Miragaya, J., Gomez-Aleza, C., Dobrolecki, L. E., Lewis, M. T., Bruna, A., Mouron, S., Quintela-Fandino, M., …Gonzalez-Suarez, E. (2023). RANK is a poor prognosis marker and a therapeutic target in ER-negative postmenopausal breast cancer. EMBO Molecular Medicine, 15(4), Article e16715. https://doi.org/10.15252/emmm.202216715

Despite strong preclinical data, the therapeutic benefit of the RANKL inhibitor, denosumab, in breast cancer patients, beyond the bone, is unclear. Aiming to select patients who may benefit from denosumab, we hereby analyzed RANK and RANKL protein ex... Read More about RANK is a poor prognosis marker and a therapeutic target in ER-negative postmenopausal breast cancer.

Combined proliferation and apoptosis index provides better risk stratification in breast cancer (2023)
Journal Article
Ibrahim, A., Toss, M. S., Atallah, N. M., Al Saleem, M., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2023). Combined proliferation and apoptosis index provides better risk stratification in breast cancer. Histopathology, 82(7), 1029-1047. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.14887

Aims: Breast cancer (BC) risk stratification is critical for predicting behaviour and guiding management decision-making. Despite the well-established prognostic value of cellular proliferation in BC, the interplay between proliferation and apoptosis... Read More about Combined proliferation and apoptosis index provides better risk stratification in breast cancer.

The clinical value of progesterone receptor expression in luminal breast cancer: A study of a large cohort with long-term follow-up (2023)
Journal Article
Lashen, A. G., Toss, M. S., Mongan, N. P., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2023). The clinical value of progesterone receptor expression in luminal breast cancer: A study of a large cohort with long-term follow-up. Cancer, 129(8), 1183-1194. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.34655

Background: The routine assessment of progesterone receptor (PR) expression in breast cancer (BC) remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the role of PR expression in luminal BC, with emphasis on the definition of positivity and its progn... Read More about The clinical value of progesterone receptor expression in luminal breast cancer: A study of a large cohort with long-term follow-up.

Expression, assessment and significance of Ki67 expression in breast cancer: an update (2023)
Journal Article
Lashen, A. G., Toss, M. S., Ghannam, S. F., Makhlouf, S., Green, A., Mongan, N. P., & Rakha, E. (2023). Expression, assessment and significance of Ki67 expression in breast cancer: an update. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 76(6), Article 357-364. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp-2022-208731

Ki67 expression is one of the most important and cost-effective surrogate markers to assess for tumour cell proliferation in breast cancer (BC). The Ki67 labelling index has prognostic and predictive value in patients with early-stage BC, particularl... Read More about Expression, assessment and significance of Ki67 expression in breast cancer: an update.

The clinical significance of cyclin B1 (CCNB1) in invasive breast cancer with emphasis on its contribution to lymphovascular invasion development (2022)
Journal Article
Aljohani, A. I., Toss, M. S., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. (2023). The clinical significance of cyclin B1 (CCNB1) in invasive breast cancer with emphasis on its contribution to lymphovascular invasion development. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 198, 423-435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-022-06801-2

Background
Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is regulated through complex molecular mechanisms. Cyclin B1 (CCNB1) was previously determined as being associated with LVI using large cohorts of breast cancer (BC) and artificial neural network (ANN) techni... Read More about The clinical significance of cyclin B1 (CCNB1) in invasive breast cancer with emphasis on its contribution to lymphovascular invasion development.

Mechanistic and Clinical Evidence Supports a Key Role for Cell Division Cycle Associated 5 (CDCA5) as an Independent Predictor of Outcome in Invasive Breast Cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Kariri, Y. A., Joseph, C., Alsaleem, M. A., Elsharawy, K. A., Alsaeed, S., Toss, M. S., Mongan, N. P., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2022). Mechanistic and Clinical Evidence Supports a Key Role for Cell Division Cycle Associated 5 (CDCA5) as an Independent Predictor of Outcome in Invasive Breast Cancer. Cancers, 14(22), Article 5643. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14225643

Background: Cell Division Cycle Associated 5 (CDCA5) plays a role in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involving cell division, cancer cell migration and apoptosis. This study aims to assess the prognostic and biologica... Read More about Mechanistic and Clinical Evidence Supports a Key Role for Cell Division Cycle Associated 5 (CDCA5) as an Independent Predictor of Outcome in Invasive Breast Cancer.

A Case Series Exploration of Multi-Regional Expression Heterogeneity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients (2022)
Journal Article
Xu, Q., Kaur, J., Wylie, D., Mittal, K., Li, H., Kolachina, R., Aleskandarany, M., Toss, M. S., Green, A. R., Yang, J., Yankeelov, T. E., Bhattarai, S., Janssen, E. A., Kong, J., Rakha, E. A., Kowalski, J., & Aneja, R. (2022). A Case Series Exploration of Multi-Regional Expression Heterogeneity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(21), Article 13322. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113322

Extensive intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is believed to contribute to therapeutic failure and tumor recurrence, as treatment-resistant cell clones can survive and expand. However, little is known about ITH in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) be... Read More about A Case Series Exploration of Multi-Regional Expression Heterogeneity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients.

Ki67 assessment in invasive luminal breast cancer: a comparative study between different scoring methods (2022)
Journal Article
Lashen, A., Toss, M. S., Green, A. R., Mongan, N. P., & Rakha, E. (2022). Ki67 assessment in invasive luminal breast cancer: a comparative study between different scoring methods. Histopathology, 81(6), 786-798. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.14781

Background: Ki67 reflects the proliferation activity in breast cancer (BC). However, an optimal method for its assessment in clinical settings has yet to be robustly defined. In this study, we compared several methods to score Ki67 to identify a reli... Read More about Ki67 assessment in invasive luminal breast cancer: a comparative study between different scoring methods.

Refining the definition of HER2-low class in invasive breast cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Atallah, N. M., Toss, M. S., Green, A. R., Mongan, N. P., Ball, G., & Rakha, E. A. (2022). Refining the definition of HER2-low class in invasive breast cancer. Histopathology, 81(6), 770-785. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.14780

Background: Emerging evidence indicates that breast cancer (BC) patients whose tumours express HER2 protein without HER2 gene amplification (HER2-low), can benefit from antibody–drug conjugates (ADC). However, the current definition of HER2-low BC re... Read More about Refining the definition of HER2-low class in invasive breast cancer.

Aurora Kinase A Is an Independent Predictor of Invasive Recurrence in Breast Ductal Carcinoma in situ (2022)
Journal Article
Miligy, I. M., Toss, M. S., Gorringe, K. L., Ellis, I. O., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2022). Aurora Kinase A Is an Independent Predictor of Invasive Recurrence in Breast Ductal Carcinoma in situ. Pathobiology, 89(6), 382–392. https://doi.org/10.1159/000522244

Aurora Kinase A (AURKA/STK15) has a role in centrosome duplication and is a regulator of mitotic cell proliferation. It is over-expressed in breast cancer and other cancers, however; its role in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) remains to be defined.... Read More about Aurora Kinase A Is an Independent Predictor of Invasive Recurrence in Breast Ductal Carcinoma in situ.

The characteristics and clinical significance of atypical mitosis in breast cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Lashen, A., Toss, M. S., Alsaleem, M., Green, A. R., Mongan, N. P., & Rakha, E. (2022). The characteristics and clinical significance of atypical mitosis in breast cancer. Modern Pathology, 35, 1341-1348. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41379-022-01080-0

Atypical mitosis is considered a feature of malignancy, however, its significance in breast cancer (BC) remains elusive. Here, we aimed to assess the clinical value of atypical mitoses in BC and to explore their underlying molecular features. Atypica... Read More about The characteristics and clinical significance of atypical mitosis in breast cancer.

Epigenome erosion and SOX10 drive neural crest phenotypic mimicry in triple-negative breast cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Saunus, J. M., De Luca, X. M., Northwood, K., Raghavendra, A., Hasson, A., McCart Reed, A. E., Lim, M., Lal, S., Vargas, A. C., Kutasovic, J. R., Dalley, A. J., Miranda, M., Kalaw, E., Kalita-de Croft, P., Gresshoff, I., Al-Ejeh, F., Gee, J. M., Ormandy, C., Khanna, K. K., Beesley, J., …Lakhani, S. R. (2022). Epigenome erosion and SOX10 drive neural crest phenotypic mimicry in triple-negative breast cancer. npj Breast Cancer, 8(1), Article 57. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41523-022-00425-x

Intratumoral heterogeneity is caused by genomic instability and phenotypic plasticity, but how these features co-evolve remains unclear. SOX10 is a neural crest stem cell (NCSC) specifier and candidate mediator of phenotypic plasticity in cancer. We... Read More about Epigenome erosion and SOX10 drive neural crest phenotypic mimicry in triple-negative breast cancer.

Breast tumor microenvironment structures are associated with genomic features and clinical outcome (2022)
Journal Article
Danenberg, E., Bardwell, H., Zanotelli, V. R. T., Provenzano, E., Chin, S. F., Rueda, O. M., Green, A., Rakha, E., Aparicio, S., Ellis, I. O., Bodenmiller, B., Caldas, C., & Ali, H. R. (2022). Breast tumor microenvironment structures are associated with genomic features and clinical outcome. Nature Genetics, 54, 660–669. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-022-01041-y

The functions of the tumor microenvironment (TME) are orchestrated by precise spatial organization of specialized cells, yet little is known about the multicellular structures that form within the TME. Here we systematically mapped TME structures in... Read More about Breast tumor microenvironment structures are associated with genomic features and clinical outcome.

Standardization of the tumor-stroma ratio scoring method for breast cancer research (2022)
Journal Article
Hagenaars, S. C., Vangangelt, K. M. H., Van Pelt, G. W., Karancsi, Z., Tollenaar, R. A. E. M., Green, A. R., Rakha, E. A., Kulka, J., & Mesker, W. E. (2022). Standardization of the tumor-stroma ratio scoring method for breast cancer research. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 193, 545-553. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-022-06587-3

Purpose: The tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) has repeatedly proven to be correlated with patient outcomes in breast cancer using large retrospective cohorts. However, studies validating the TSR often show variability in methodology, thereby hampering compar... Read More about Standardization of the tumor-stroma ratio scoring method for breast cancer research.

Upregulation of Cyclin B2 (CCNB2) in breast cancer contributes to the development of lymphovascular invasion (2022)
Journal Article
Aljohani, A. I., Toss, M. S., El-Sharawy, K. A., Mirza, S., Ball, G. R., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. (2022). Upregulation of Cyclin B2 (CCNB2) in breast cancer contributes to the development of lymphovascular invasion. American Journal of Cancer Research, 12(2), 469-489

Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a key step in breast cancer (BC) metastasis. Targeting the molecular drivers of LVI can improve BC patients’ management. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of LVI are complex and interconnected with various... Read More about Upregulation of Cyclin B2 (CCNB2) in breast cancer contributes to the development of lymphovascular invasion.

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2C (UBE2C) is a poor prognostic biomarker in invasive breast cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Kariri, Y., Toss, M. S., Alsaleem, M., Elsharawy, K. A., Joseph, C., Mongan, N. P., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2022). Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2C (UBE2C) is a poor prognostic biomarker in invasive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 192(3), 529-539. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-022-06531-5

Background
The Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2C (UBE2C) is essential for the ubiquitin–proteasome system and is involved in cancer cell migration and apoptosis. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of UBE2C in invasive breast cancer (BC... Read More about Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2C (UBE2C) is a poor prognostic biomarker in invasive breast cancer.

Untangling the clinicopathological significance of MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex in sporadic breast cancers (2021)
Journal Article
Alblihy, A., Shoqafi, A., Toss, M. S., Algethami, M., Harris, A. E., Jeyapalan, J. N., Abdel-Fatah, T., Servante, J., Chan, S. Y., Green, A., Mongan, N. P., Rakha, E. A., & Madhusudan, S. (2021). Untangling the clinicopathological significance of MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex in sporadic breast cancers. npj Breast Cancer, 7(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41523-021-00350-5

The MRE11–RAD50–NBS1 (MRN) complex is critical for genomic stability. Although germline mutations in MRN may increase breast cancer susceptibility, such mutations are extremely rare. Here, we have conducted a comprehensive clinicopathological study o... Read More about Untangling the clinicopathological significance of MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex in sporadic breast cancers.