A novel ketone diet enhances physical and cognitive performance

Murray, Andrew J.; Knight, Nicholas S.; Cole, Mark A.; Cochlin, Lowri E.; Carter, Emma; Tchabanenko, Kirill; Pichulik, Tica; Gulston, Melanie K.; Atherton, Helen J.; Schroeder, Marie A.; Deacon, Robert M. J.; Kashiwaya, Yoshihiro; King, M. Todd; Pawlosky, Robert; Rawlins, J. Nicholas P.; Tyler, Damian J.; Griffin, Julian L.; Robertson, Jeremy; Veech, Richard L.; Clarke, Kieran

Abstract

Ketone bodies are the most energy efficient fuel, yielding more ATP per mole of substrate than pyruvate and increasing the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis. Elevation of circulating ketones via high-fat, low-carbohydrate diets has been used for the treatment of drug-refractory epilepsy and for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease. Ketones may also be beneficial for muscle and brain in times of stress, such as endurance exercise. The challenge has been to raise circulating ketone levels using a palatable diet without altering lipid levels. We found that blood ketone levels can be increased, and cholesterol and triglycerides decreased, by feeding rats a novel ketone ester diet; chow supplemented with (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate as 30% of calories. For five days, rats on the ketone diet ran 32% further on a treadmill than control rats eating an isocaloric diet supplemented with either corn starch or palm oil (p

Citation

Murray, A. J., Knight, N. S., Cole, M. A., Cochlin, L. E., Carter, E., Tchabanenko, K., …Clarke, K. (2016). A novel ketone diet enhances physical and cognitive performance. FASEB Journal, 30(12), 4021-4032. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201600773R

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Aug 8, 2016
• Online Publication Date: Aug 15, 2016
• Publication Date: Sep 26, 2016
• Deposit Date: Aug 19, 2016
• Publicly Available Date: Aug 19, 2016
• Journal: FASEB Journal
• Print ISSN: 0892-6638
• Electronic ISSN: 1530-6860
• Publisher: Federation of American Society of Experimental Biology
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 30
• Issue: 12
• Pages: 4021-4032
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201600773R
• Keywords: Metabolism, muscle, energetics, exercise, heart
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/809370
• Publisher URL: http://www.fasebj.org/content/early/2016/08/15/fj.201600773R