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Advanced analysis of satellite data reveals ground deformation precursors to the Brumadinho Tailings Dam collapse

Grebby, Stephen; Sowter, Andrew; Gluyas, Jon; Toll, David; Gee, David; Athab, Ahmed; Girindran, Renoy

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Authors

Andrew Sowter

Jon Gluyas

David Toll

David Gee

Ahmed Athab

Renoy Girindran



Abstract

Catastrophic failure of a tailings dam at an iron ore mine complex in Brumadinho, Brazil, on 25th January 2019 released 11.7 million m3 of tailings downstream. Although reportedly monitored using an array of geotechnical techniques, the collapse occurred without any apparent warning. It claimed more than 200 lives and caused considerable environmental damage. Here we present the Intermittent Small Baseline Subset (ISBAS) technique on satellite-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data to assess the course of events. We find that parts of the dam wall and tailings were experiencing deformation not consistent with consolidation settlement preceding the collapse. Furthermore, we show that the timing of the dam collapse would have been foreseeable based on this observed precursory deformation. We conclude that satellite-based monitoring techniques may help mitigate similar catastrophes in the future.

Citation

Grebby, S., Sowter, A., Gluyas, J., Toll, D., Gee, D., Athab, A., & Girindran, R. (2021). Advanced analysis of satellite data reveals ground deformation precursors to the Brumadinho Tailings Dam collapse. Communications Earth & Environment, 2, Article 2. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-020-00079-2

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Dec 3, 2020
Online Publication Date Jan 4, 2021
Publication Date Jan 4, 2021
Deposit Date Jan 8, 2021
Publicly Available Date Jan 8, 2021
Journal Communications Earth & Environment
Print ISSN 2662-4435
Publisher Nature Research
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 2
Article Number 2
DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-020-00079-2
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/5205901
Publisher URL https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-020-00079-2

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