Gel-Polymer Electrolytes Based on Poly(Ionic Liquid)/Ionic Liquid Networks

Sen, Sudeshna; Goodwin, Sean E.; Barbar�, Pedro Verd�a; Rance, Graham A.; Wales, Dominic; Cameron, Jamie M.; Sans, Victor; Mamlouk, Mohamed; Scott, Keith; Walsh, Darren A.

Abstract

The use of electrically charged, polymerized ionic liquids (polyILs) offers opportunities for the development of gel-polymer electrolytes (GPEs), but the rational design of such systems is in its infancy. In this work, we compare the properties of polyIL/IL GPEs based on 1-butyl-3-(4-vinylbenzyl)imidazolium bis(trifluromethanesulfonyl)imide containing trapped ammonium-based protic ionic liquids (ILs) with an analogous series based on the electrically neutral host polymer 1-(4-vinylbenzyl)imidazole. The materials are synthesized by photopolymerizing ionic and neutral monomers in the presence of diethylmethylammonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, [dema][TfO], diethylmethylammonium trifluoroacetate, [dema][TFAc], and diethylmethylammonium bis[trifluoromethanesulfonyl]imide, [dema][Tf2N], respectively. The resulting materials are characterized using electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and AC-impedance analysis. Spectroscopic analysis confirms that the ILs are distributed throughout the polymers, unless the GPE also contains poly(diallyldimethylammonium) bis[trifluoromethanesulfonyl]imide, when separation of the components occurs. The polyIL/IL GPEs are more electrochemically and thermally stable, and up to six times more conductive, than the materials based on the neutral host. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we show that polyIL/IL gels can be 3D printed using readily available 3D-printing hardware.

Citation

Sen, S., Goodwin, S. E., Barbará, P. V., Rance, G. A., Wales, D., Cameron, J. M., Sans, V., Mamlouk, M., Scott, K., & Walsh, D. A. (2021). Gel-Polymer Electrolytes Based on Poly(Ionic Liquid)/Ionic Liquid Networks. ACS Applied Polymer Materials, 3(1), 200-208. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.0c01042

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Nov 30, 2020
• Online Publication Date: Dec 11, 2020
• Publication Date: Jan 8, 2021
• Deposit Date: Dec 19, 2020
• Publicly Available Date: Dec 12, 2021
• Journal: ACS Applied Polymer Materials
• Print ISSN: 2637-6105
• Electronic ISSN: 2637-6105
• Publisher: American Chemical Society
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 3
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 200-208
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.0c01042
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/5157364
• Publisher URL: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsapm.0c01042
• Additional Information: This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in ACS Applied Polymer Materials,copyright© American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsapm.0c01042