Attempted cleaning of bloodstains and its effect on the forensic luminol test

Creamer, Jonathan I.; Quickenden, Terence I.; Crichton, Leah B.; Robertson, Patrick; Ruhayel, Rasha A.

Abstract

The forensic luminol test has long been valued for its ability to detect trace amounts of blood that are invisible to the naked eye. This is the first quantitative study to determine the effect on the luminol test when an attempt is made to clean bloodstained tiles with a known interfering catalyst (bleach). Tiles covered with either wet or dry blood were tested, and either water or sodium hypochlorite solution (bleach) was used to clean the tiles. As expected, the chemiluminescence intensity produced when luminol was applied generally decreased with the number of times that a tile was cleaned with water, until the chemiluminescence was neither visible nor detectable. However, when the tiles were cleaned with bleach there was an initial drop in chemiluminescence intensity, followed by a rise to a consistently high value, visibly indistinguishable from that of blood. Examination of bleach drying time suggested that any interfering effect becomes negligible after 8 h.

Citation

Creamer, J. I., Quickenden, T. I., Crichton, L. B., Robertson, P., & Ruhayel, R. A. (2005). Attempted cleaning of bloodstains and its effect on the forensic luminol test. Luminescence, 20(6), 411-413. https://doi.org/10.1002/bio.865

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Mar 21, 2005
• Online Publication Date: Jun 20, 2025
• Publication Date: Dec 9, 2005
• Deposit Date: Mar 16, 2025
• Journal: Luminescence
• Print ISSN: 1522-7235
• Electronic ISSN: 1522-7243
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 20
• Issue: 6
• Pages: 411-413
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/bio.865
• Keywords: forensic science, presumptive blood testing, chemiluminescence, luminol, bloodstains
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/46724450
• Publisher URL: https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bio.865