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Exercise Training in Obese Rats Does Not Induce Browning at Thermoneutrality and Induces a Muscle-Like Signature in Brown Adipose Tissue

Aldiss, Peter; Lewis, Jo E.; Lupini, Irene; Bloor, Ian; Chavoshinejad, Ramyar; Boocock, David J.; Miles, Amanda K.; Ebling, Francis J.P.; Budge, Helen; Symonds, Michael E.

Exercise Training in Obese Rats Does Not Induce Browning at Thermoneutrality and Induces a Muscle-Like Signature in Brown Adipose Tissue Thumbnail


Authors

Peter Aldiss

Jo E. Lewis

Irene Lupini

Ian Bloor

Ramyar Chavoshinejad

David J. Boocock

Amanda K. Miles

Francis J.P. Ebling

HELEN BUDGE HELEN.BUDGE@NOTTINGHAM.AC.UK
Professor of Neonatal Medicine

Michael E. Symonds



Abstract

© Copyright © 2020 Aldiss, Lewis, Lupini, Bloor, Chavoshinejad, Boocock, Miles, Ebling, Budge and Symonds. Aim: Exercise training elicits diverse effects on brown (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) physiology in rodents housed below their thermoneutral zone (i.e., 28–32°C). In these conditions, BAT is chronically hyperactive and, unlike human residence, closer to thermoneutrality. Therefore, we set out to determine the effects of exercise training in obese animals at 28°C (i.e., thermoneutrality) on BAT and WAT in its basal (i.e., inactive) state. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 12) were housed at thermoneutrality from 3 weeks of age and fed a high-fat diet. At 12 weeks of age half these animals were randomized to 4-weeks of swim-training (1 h/day, 5 days per week). Following a metabolic assessment interscapular and perivascular BAT and inguinal (I)WAT were taken for analysis of thermogenic genes and the proteome. Results: Exercise attenuated weight gain but did not affect total fat mass or thermogenic gene expression. Proteomics revealed an impact of exercise training on 2-oxoglutarate metabolic process, mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV, carbon metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation. This was accompanied by an upregulation of multiple proteins involved in skeletal muscle physiology in BAT and an upregulation of muscle specific markers (i.e., Myod1, CkM, Mb, and MyoG). UCP1 mRNA was undetectable in IWAT with proteomics highlighting changes to DNA binding, the positive regulation of apoptosis, HIF-1 signaling and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. Conclusion: Exercise training reduced weight gain in obese animals at thermoneutrality and is accompanied by an oxidative signature in BAT which is accompanied by a muscle-like signature rather than induction of thermogenic genes. This may represent a new, UCP1-independent pathway through which BAT physiology is regulated by exercise training.

Citation

Aldiss, P., Lewis, J. E., Lupini, I., Bloor, I., Chavoshinejad, R., Boocock, D. J., …Symonds, M. E. (2020). Exercise Training in Obese Rats Does Not Induce Browning at Thermoneutrality and Induces a Muscle-Like Signature in Brown Adipose Tissue. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 11, Article 97. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.00097

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Feb 14, 2020
Online Publication Date Mar 20, 2020
Publication Date Mar 20, 2020
Deposit Date Feb 20, 2020
Publicly Available Date Mar 20, 2020
Journal Frontiers in Endocrinology
Electronic ISSN 1664-2392
Publisher Frontiers Media
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 11
Article Number 97
DOI https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.00097
Keywords Adipose tissue; exercise training; obesity; housing temperature; browning
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/4001142
Publisher URL https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2020.00097/full

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