The effects of verbal and spatial memory load on children's processing speed: Development of WM load effects

Morey, Candice C.; Hadley, Lauren V.; Buttelmann, Frances; K�nen, Tanja; Meaney, Julie-Anne; Auyeung, Bonnie; Karbach, Julia; Chevalier, Nicolas

Abstract

Examining the impact of maintenance on processing speed allows us to test whether storage and processing resources are shared. Comparing these relationships in children of different ages allows further insight into whether one or multiple resources for these operations must be assumed and whether remembering is proactive throughout childhood. We tested 185 4‐ to 6‐ and 8‐ to 10‐year‐old children using adaptive complex span tasks, in which simple judgments were interleaved between to‐be‐remembered items. The adaptiveness of our tasks ensured that all participants frequently correctly recalled the items. If storage and processing require a single resource, and if participants serially reactivate the memoranda between processing episodes, processing response times should increase with serial position of the processing judgment within lists. We observed different within‐list dynamics for each age group. Older children's processing judgments slowed gradually when more than two memory items were maintained. By contrast, younger children showed no evidence of slower processing with increasing memory load. Our results support models of working memory that assume that some common resource is responsible for verbal and spatial storage and processing. They also support the notion that remembering becomes more proactive as children mature.

Citation

Morey, C. C., Hadley, L. V., Buttelmann, F., Könen, T., Meaney, J.-A., Auyeung, B., Karbach, J., & Chevalier, N. (2018). The effects of verbal and spatial memory load on children's processing speed: Development of WM load effects. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1424(1), 161-174. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13653

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Feb 5, 2018
• Online Publication Date: Apr 30, 2018
• Publication Date: 2018-07
• Deposit Date: Feb 12, 2020
• Publicly Available Date: Feb 12, 2020
• Journal: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
• Print ISSN: 0077-8923
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 1424
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 161-174
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13653
• Keywords: General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; History and Philosophy of Science
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/3951052
• Publisher URL: https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nyas.13653