Compensatory Neural Reorganization in Tourette Syndrome

Jackson, Georgina�M.; Jackson, Stephen�R.; Parkinson, Amy; Hollis, Chris; Jung, Jeyoung; Ryan, Suzanne�E.; Morgan, Paul�S.

Abstract

Children with neurological disorders may follow unique developmental trajectories whereby they undergo compensatory neuroplastic changes in brain structure and function that help them gain control over their symptoms [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. We used behavioral and brain imaging techniques to investigate this conjecture in children with Tourette syndrome (TS). Using a behavioral task that induces high levels of intermanual conflict, we show that individuals with TS exhibit enhanced control of motor output. Then, using structural (diffusion-weighted imaging) brain imaging techniques, we demonstrate widespread differences in the white matter (WM) microstructure of the TS brain that include alterations in the corpus callosum and forceps minor (FM) WM that significantly predict tic severity in TS. Most importantly, we show that task performance for the TS group (but not for controls) is strongly predicted by the WM microstructure of the FM pathways that lead to the prefrontal cortex and by the functional magnetic resonance imaging blood oxygen level-dependent response in prefrontal areas connected by these tracts. These results provide evidence for compensatory brain reorganization that may underlie the increased self-regulation mechanisms that have been hypothesized to bring about the control of tics during adolescence.

Citation

Jackson, G., Jackson, S., Parkinson, A., Hollis, C., Jung, J., Ryan, S., & Morgan, P. (2011). Compensatory Neural Reorganization in Tourette Syndrome. Current Biology, 21(7), 580-585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2011.02.047

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Feb 28, 2011
• Online Publication Date: Mar 24, 2011
• Publication Date: Mar 24, 2011
• Deposit Date: May 22, 2020
• Publicly Available Date: May 22, 2020
• Journal: Current Biology
• Print ISSN: 0960-9822
• Electronic ISSN: 1879-0445
• Publisher: Cell Press
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 21
• Issue: 7
• Pages: 580-585
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2011.02.047
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/3871510