Neuromodulation Treatments Targeting Pathological Synchrony for Tinnitus in Adults: A Systematic Review

Hoare, Derek J.; Shorter, Gillian W.; Shekhawat, Giriraj S.; El Refaie, Amr; Labree, Bas; Sereda, Magdalena

Abstract

(1) Background: Tinnitus involves the conscious awareness of a tonal or composite noise for which there is no identifiable corresponding external acoustic source. For many people, tinnitus is a disorder associated with symptoms of emotional distress, cognitive dysfunction, autonomic arousal, behavioural changes, and functional disability. Many symptoms can be addressed effectively using education or cognitive behavioural therapy. However, there is no treatment that effectively reduces or alters tinnitus-related neurophysiological activity and thus the tinnitus percept. In this systematic review, we evaluated the effectiveness of neuromodulation therapies for tinnitus that explicitly target pathological synchronous neural activity. (2) Methods: Multiple databases were searched for randomised controlled trials of neuromodulation interventions for tinnitus in adults, with 24 trials included. The risk of bias was assessed, and where appropriate, meta-analyses were performed. (3) Results: Few trials used acoustic, vagal nerve, or transcranial alternating current stimulation, or bimodal stimulation techniques, with limited evidence of neuromodulation or clinical effectiveness. Multiple trials of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) were identified, and a synthesis demonstrated a significant improvement in tinnitus symptom severity in favour of tDCS versus control, although heterogeneity was high. (4) Discussion: Neuromodulation for tinnitus is an emerging but promising field. Electrical stimulation techniques are particularly interesting, given recent advances in current flow modelling that can be applied to future studies.

Citation

Hoare, D. J., Shorter, G. W., Shekhawat, G. S., El Refaie, A., Labree, B., & Sereda, M. (2024). Neuromodulation Treatments Targeting Pathological Synchrony for Tinnitus in Adults: A Systematic Review. Brain Sciences, 14(8), Article 748. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14080748

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jul 23, 2024
• Online Publication Date: Jul 26, 2024
• Publication Date: 2024-08
• Deposit Date: Aug 3, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Aug 16, 2024
• Journal: Brain Sciences
• Electronic ISSN: 2076-3425
• Publisher: MDPI
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 14
• Issue: 8
• Article Number: 748
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14080748
• Keywords: bimodal stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation, acoustic neuromodulation, transcranial alternating current stimulation
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/37949505
• Publisher URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/14/8/748