Party and Party System Institutionalization: Which Comes First?

Casal Bértoa, Fernando; Enyedi, Zsolt; Mölder, Martin

Abstract

Parties and party systems are treated as separate phenomena in theory, but not in research practice. This is most clearly so in the literature on the institutionalization of party politics, where the party level and the systemic levels are often analyzed through combined fuzzy indices. We 1) propose separate indicators for measuring institutionalization at the party and at the party system level, 2) demonstrate their different dynamics in twentieth and twenty-first century European countries, and 3) investigate the direction of causality. Using a dataset that covers more than 700 elections, 800 parties, and 1,400 instances of government formation in 60 different historical party systems across 45 European countries, we find that party-level institutionalization tends to precede systemic institutionalization. The opposite pattern occurs only in a few countries.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jul 13, 2023
• Online Publication Date: Oct 17, 2023
• Publication Date: Oct 17, 2023
• Deposit Date: Jan 22, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Jan 22, 2024
• Journal: Perspectives on Politics
• Print ISSN: 1537-5927
• Electronic ISSN: 1541-0986
• Publisher: Cambridge University Press
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 22
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 194-212
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537592723002530
• Keywords: Political Science and International Relations
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/30108521
• Publisher URL: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/perspectives-on-politics/article/party-and-party-system-institutionalization-which-comes-first/2D6571209227C86C800F696A7CDE1ACB