The evolution of subsurface deformation and tribological degradation of a multiphase Fe-based hardfacing induced by sliding contact

Carrington, M.J.; Daure, J.L.; Utada, S.; Ratia-Hanby, V.L.; Shipway, P.H.; Stewart, D.A.; McCartney, D.G.

Abstract

Multiphase Fe-based hardfacing alloys, for example Tristelle 5183 Fe-21%Cr-10%Ni-7.5%Nb-5%Si-2%C in wt.%, are extensively used for tribological applications, including valves, bearings and drive mechanisms, where two surfaces are unavoidably subjected to loaded sliding contact within engineering systems. In this study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterise, for the first time, the tribologically affected material induced by the self-mated sliding contact of HIPed Tristelle 5183. This provided novel insight into the deformation modes which permit the accumulation of the high levels of subsurface strain required for plasticity dominated (adhesive) wear in a commercial hardfacing. In the subsurface regions furthest from the sliding contact, plastic deformation is accommodated by deformation induced martensitic transformation to ϵ-martensite and α′-martensite, twinning, the generation of planar dislocation arrangements (generated by planar slip) and the generation of dislocation tangles. Closer to the sliding contact, the subsurface becomes unstable, and nanocrystallisation driven by grain boundary mediated deformation mechanisms and crystallographic slip completely engulf the near surface microstructure. It is postulated that nanocrystalisation within the subsurface is a needed in order to accommodate the extremely high strains required in order to permit tribological degradation via plasticity dominated wear. The extrusion of metallic slivers via plastic ratcheting generates ductile shear cracks governed by plastic strain, and the failure of these slivers generates plate/flake-like wear debris.

Citation

Carrington, M., Daure, J., Utada, S., Ratia-Hanby, V., Shipway, P., Stewart, D., & McCartney, D. (2024). The evolution of subsurface deformation and tribological degradation of a multiphase Fe-based hardfacing induced by sliding contact. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 892, Article 146023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2023.146023

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Dec 17, 2023
• Online Publication Date: Dec 19, 2023
• Publication Date: 2024-02
• Deposit Date: Jan 8, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Jan 9, 2024
• Journal: Materials Science and Engineering: A
• Print ISSN: 0921-5093
• Electronic ISSN: 0921-5093
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 892
• Article Number: 146023
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2023.146023
• Keywords: Tribology; Severe plastic deformation; Hardfacings; Nanocrystalline microstructure; Deformation structures; Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/29271160
• Publisher URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921509323014478
• Additional Information: This article is maintained by: Elsevier; Article Title: The evolution of subsurface deformation and tribological degradation of a multiphase Fe-based hardfacing induced by sliding contact; Journal Title: Materials Science and Engineering: A; CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2023.146023