Social overshadowing: Revisiting cue-competition in social interactions

Telga, Maïka; Alcalá, José A; Heyes, Cecilia; Urcelay, Gonzalo P

Abstract

In a large variety of contexts, it is essential to use the available information to extract patterns and behave accordingly. When it comes to social interactions for instance, the information gathered about interaction partners across multiple encounters (e.g., trustworthiness) is crucial in guiding one’s own behavior (e.g., approach the trustworthy and avoid the untrustworthy), a process akin to trial-by-trial learning. Building on associative learning and social cognition literatures, the present research adopts a domain-general approach to learning and explores whether the principles underlying associative learning also govern learning in social contexts. In particular, we examined whether overshadowing, a well-established cue-competition phenomenon, impacts learning of the cooperative behaviors of unfamiliar interaction partners. Across three experiments using an adaptation of the iterated Trust Game, we consistently observed a ‘social overshadowing’ effect, that is, a better learning about the cooperative tendencies of partners presented alone compared to those presented in a pair. This robust effect was not modulated by gender stereotypes or beliefs about the internal communication dynamics within a pair of partners. Drawing on these results, we argue that examining domain-general learning processes in social contexts is a useful approach to understanding human social cognition.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Nov 26, 2022
• Online Publication Date: Jan 5, 2023
• Publication Date: Jan 5, 2023
• Deposit Date: Apr 17, 2023
• Publicly Available Date: Apr 18, 2023
• Journal: Psychonomic Bulletin and Review
• Print ISSN: 1069-9384
• Electronic ISSN: 1531-5320
• Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02229-3
• Keywords: Trust, Learning, Stereotypes, Cooperation, Overshadowing
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/16493712
• Publisher URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13423-022-02229-3
• Additional Information: Accepted: 26 November 2022; First Online: 5 January 2023; : ; : The authors declare no conflicts of interest.