VALENTIN HELLER VALENTIN.HELLER@NOTTINGHAM.AC.UK
Associate Professor
Large-scale experiments into the tsunamigenic potential of different iceberg calving mechanisms
Heller, Valentin; Chen, Fan; Br�hl, Markus; Gabl, Roman; Chen, Xuexue; Wolters, Guido; Fuchs, Helge
Authors
Fan Chen
Markus Br�hl
Roman Gabl
Xuexue Chen
Guido Wolters
Helge Fuchs
Abstract
Mass balance analysis of ice sheets is a key component to understand the effects of global warming. A significant component of ice sheet and shelf mass balance is iceberg calving, which can generate large tsunamis endangering human beings and coastal infrastructure. Such iceberg-tsunamis have reached amplitudes of 50 m and destroyed harbours. Calving icebergs interact with the surrounding water through different mechanisms and we investigate five; A: capsizing, B: gravity-dominated fall, C: buoyancy-dominated fall, D: gravity-dominated overturning and E: buoyancy-dominated overturning. Gravity-dominated icebergs essentially fall into the water body whereas buoyancy-dominated icebergs rise to the water surface. We find with unique large-scale laboratory experiments that iceberg-tsunami heights from gravity-dominated mechanisms (B and D) are roughly an order of magnitude larger than from A, C and E. A theoretical model for released iceberg energy supports this finding and the measured wave periods upscaled to Greenlandic outlet glaciers agree with field observations. Whilst existing empirical equations for landslide-tsunamis establish estimates of an upper envelope of the maximum iceberg-tsunami heights, they fail to capture the physics of most iceberg-tsunami mechanisms.
Citation
Heller, V., Chen, F., Brühl, M., Gabl, R., Chen, X., Wolters, G., & Fuchs, H. (2019). Large-scale experiments into the tsunamigenic potential of different iceberg calving mechanisms. Scientific Reports, 9(1), Article 861. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-36634-3
Journal Article Type | Article |
---|---|
Acceptance Date | Nov 25, 2018 |
Online Publication Date | Jan 29, 2019 |
Publication Date | Jan 29, 2019 |
Deposit Date | Jan 30, 2019 |
Publicly Available Date | Jan 30, 2019 |
Journal | Scientific Reports |
Electronic ISSN | 2045-2322 |
Publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
Peer Reviewed | Peer Reviewed |
Volume | 9 |
Issue | 1 |
Article Number | 861 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-36634-3 |
Keywords | Multidisciplinary |
Public URL | https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1506210 |
Publisher URL | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-36634-3 |
Contract Date | Jan 30, 2019 |
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Large-scale experiments into the tsunamigenic potential
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Publisher Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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