The Plasmodium Class XIV Myosin, MyoB, Has a Distinct Subcellular Location in Invasive and Motile Stages of the Malaria Parasite and an Unusual Light Chain

Yusuf, Noor A.; Green, Judith L.; Wall, Richard J.; Knuepfer, Ellen; Moon, Robert W.; Schulte-Huxel, Christina ; Stanway, Rebecca R.; Martin?, Stephen R.; Howell, Steven A.; Douse, Christopher H.; Cota, Ernesto; Tate, Edward W.; Tewari, Rita; Holder, Anthony A.

Abstract

Myosin B (MyoB) is one of the two short class XIV myosins encoded in the Plasmodium genome. Class XIV myosins are characterized by a catalytic “head,” a modified “neck,” and the absence of a “tail” region. Myosin A (MyoA), the other class XIV myosin in Plasmodium, has been established as a component of the glideosome complex important in motility and cell invasion, but MyoB is not well characterized. We analyzed the properties of MyoB using three parasite species as follows: Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium berghei, and Plasmodium knowlesi. MyoB is expressed in all invasive stages (merozoites, ookinetes, and sporozoites) of the life cycle, and the protein is found in a discrete apical location in these polarized cells. In P. falciparum, MyoB is synthesized very late in schizogony/merogony, and its location in merozoites is distinct from, and anterior to, that of a range of known proteins present in the rhoptries, rhoptry neck or micronemes. Unlike MyoA, MyoB is not associated with glideosome complex proteins, including the MyoA light chain, myosin A tail domain-interacting protein (MTIP). A unique MyoB light chain (MLC-B) was identified that contains a calmodulin-like domain at the C terminus and an extended N-terminal region. MLC-B localizes to the same extreme apical pole in the cell as MyoB, and the two proteins form a complex. We propose that MLC-B is a MyoB-specific light chain, and for the short class XIV myosins that lack a tail region, the atypical myosin light chains may fulfill that role.

Citation

Yusuf, N. A., Green, J. L., Wall, R. J., Knuepfer, E., Moon, R. W., Schulte-Huxel, C., Stanway, R. R., Martin‖, S. R., Howell, S. A., Douse, C. H., Cota, E., Tate, E. W., Tewari, R., & Holder, A. A. (2015). The Plasmodium Class XIV Myosin, MyoB, Has a Distinct Subcellular Location in Invasive and Motile Stages of the Malaria Parasite and an Unusual Light Chain. Journal of Chemical Sciences, 290, 12147-12164. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.637694

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Mar 17, 2015
• Online Publication Date: Mar 23, 2015
• Publication Date: May 8, 2015
• Deposit Date: May 17, 2018
• Publicly Available Date: Jul 30, 2020
• Print ISSN: 0974-3626
• Electronic ISSN: 0973-7103
• Publisher: Indian Academy of Sciences
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 290
• Pages: 12147-12164
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.637694
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1102701
• Publisher URL: https://www.jbc.org/content/290/19/12147
• PMID: 25802338