Outputs (85)

Two for the road: an exploratory study investigating driver and co-passenger interactions during automation and the transition of control in a level 3 automated vehicle (2025)
Journal Article
Large, D., Harvey, C., Shaw, E., Khandeparker, S., Burnett, G., & Box, E. (2025). Two for the road: an exploratory study investigating driver and co-passenger interactions during automation and the transition of control in a level 3 automated vehicle. Advances in Transportation Studies, 66, 125-144

To explore the impact of a front-seat passenger during SAE level 3 (L3) automation, eighteen established driver-passenger pairings undertook three 30-minute journeys framed as ‘days-out’ in a L3 driving simulator. Participants were reminded of their... Read More about Two for the road: an exploratory study investigating driver and co-passenger interactions during automation and the transition of control in a level 3 automated vehicle.

Exploring Collaboration in a Blended Reality System: A User-Perspective Study (2025)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Asmal, A., Large, D., Harvey, C., & Burnett, G. (2025, May). Exploring Collaboration in a Blended Reality System: A User-Perspective Study. Presented at 28th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design, Compiègne, France

The development of eXtended Reality (XR) technologies has led to an increase in the use of virtual spaces to help support collaboration. However, collaboration between physical and virtual environments is often considered solely with respect to how s... Read More about Exploring Collaboration in a Blended Reality System: A User-Perspective Study.

Human-AI Decision-Making in Higher Education (2025)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Houghton, R., Zhai, X., Li, Z., & Large, D. (2025, April). Human-AI Decision-Making in Higher Education. Presented at Ergonomics & Human Factors 2025, Burton upon Trent, UK

Findings from an online study and focus groups show that students and staff were receptive to AI decision-making in higher education, highlighting transparency and equitability. Even so, students expressed a desire for creative work to be seen by a ‘... Read More about Human-AI Decision-Making in Higher Education.

Developing Preliminary Heuristics for In-Vehicle Ambient Intelligence Systems (2025)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Pande, S., Harvey, C., & Large, D. (2025, April). Developing Preliminary Heuristics for In-Vehicle Ambient Intelligence Systems. Poster presented at Ergonomics & Human Factors 2025, Burton upon Trent, UK

This study aimed to develop heuristics for designing and evaluating in-vehicle Ambient Intelligence (AmI) systems. Utilising an expert focus group (n=3) and a user study (n=8), 15 preliminary heuristics were derived. These aim to ensure that in-vehic... Read More about Developing Preliminary Heuristics for In-Vehicle Ambient Intelligence Systems.

On face value: a ghost driver field study investigating interactions between pedestrians and a driverless vehicle with anthropomorphic displays (2025)
Journal Article
Large, D. R., Harvey, C., Hallewell, M., Li, X., & Burnett, G. (2025). On face value: a ghost driver field study investigating interactions between pedestrians and a driverless vehicle with anthropomorphic displays. Ergonomics, https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2025.2454927

In a novel, on-road study, using a ‘Ghost Driver’ to emulate an automated vehicle (AV), we captured over 10 hours of video (n = 520) and 64 survey responses documenting the behaviour and attitudes of pedestrians in response to the AV. Three prototype... Read More about On face value: a ghost driver field study investigating interactions between pedestrians and a driverless vehicle with anthropomorphic displays.

Do Hands-On or Hands-Off Drivers Perform Better During a Level-2 Silent Failure? (2025)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Hussain, A., Large, D., & Harvey, C. (2025, April). Do Hands-On or Hands-Off Drivers Perform Better During a Level-2 Silent Failure?. Presented at Ergonomics & Human Factors 2025, Burton upon Trent, UK

In a driving context, a silent failure (SF) occurs when the automated vehicle system is not able to operate but does not recognise its reduced capacity. As a result, it does not request human intervention or alert the user to the failure; the human d... Read More about Do Hands-On or Hands-Off Drivers Perform Better During a Level-2 Silent Failure?.

Highlighting Barriers to the Use of Voice Systems in Cars: An Interview Study (2025)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Khandeparker, S., Large, D., Harvey, C., Burnett, G., Proctor, K., & Hare, C. (2025, April). Highlighting Barriers to the Use of Voice Systems in Cars: An Interview Study. Presented at Ergonomics & Human Factors, Burton upon Trent, UK

Advancements in technology have driven significant growth in voice systems, enabling hands-free interaction and offering notable benefits in the automotive domain by reducing visual-manual distractions. Despite the widespread adoption of voice system... Read More about Highlighting Barriers to the Use of Voice Systems in Cars: An Interview Study.

Self-Assessing Visual Attention While Driving: Implications for Driver Monitoring Systems (2025)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Harding, M., Harvey, C., Large, D., Burnett, G., Hare, C., & Proctor, K. (2025, April). Self-Assessing Visual Attention While Driving: Implications for Driver Monitoring Systems. Presented at Contemporary Ergonomics & Human Factors, Burton upon Trent, UK

Driver Monitoring Systems (DMS) are now a requirement in all new vehicles. DMS aim to reduce crashes and improve driver attention by providing warnings or interventions to the driver. However, driver acceptance is crucial to ensuring their effectiven... Read More about Self-Assessing Visual Attention While Driving: Implications for Driver Monitoring Systems.

Using Co-Simulation to Explore Distributed Situation Awareness in AV Remote Operation (2025)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Parr, H., Harvey, C., Large, D., & Sharples, S. (2025, April). Using Co-Simulation to Explore Distributed Situation Awareness in AV Remote Operation. Presented at Contemporary Ergonomics & Human Factors, Burton upon Trent, UK

We introduce a highly novel, multi-participant co-simulation study to explore distributed situation awareness between a remote operator, a connected and automated vehicle (CAV) system and CAV user in two highly automated vehicle use cases. Initial re... Read More about Using Co-Simulation to Explore Distributed Situation Awareness in AV Remote Operation.

How Will Drivers and Passengers Interact in Future Automated Vehicles? (2024)
Report
Large, D. R., Harvey, C., & Burnett, G. (2024). How Will Drivers and Passengers Interact in Future Automated Vehicles?. RAC Foundation

The presence of one or more passengers has been shown to distract drivers during manual driving, with reported reductions in situational awareness, an increase in the risk of taking unsafe actions, and an increased risk of a fatal crash, particularly... Read More about How Will Drivers and Passengers Interact in Future Automated Vehicles?.