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Advancements in Electrical Machines for Aircraft Propulsion (2025)
Journal Article
Gerada, D., Zhang, F., Jiang, J., Zhang, X., Zou, T., Xu, Z., & Gerada, C. (2025). Advancements in Electrical Machines for Aircraft Propulsion. IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications, 14(3), 468-476. https://doi.org/10.1541/ieejjia.24010320

Electrical machines are at the center of future aircraft propulsion architectures, and their improvement is key in increasing the market uptake of cleaner transport. This paper investigates recent/ongoing improvements within the constituent technolog... Read More about Advancements in Electrical Machines for Aircraft Propulsion.

Design and Testing of a Direct Oil Cooled Homopolar Synchronous Generator with Dual DC-Link via Diode Rectifiers (2025)
Journal Article
Vannini, A., Di Nardo, M., La Rocca, A., Riccio, J., Korman, O., La Rocca, S., Marfoli, A., & Gerada, C. (2025). Design and Testing of a Direct Oil Cooled Homopolar Synchronous Generator with Dual DC-Link via Diode Rectifiers. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2025.3564349

The drivetrains of large transportation systems, such as aircraft or ships, are evolving towards hybrid configurations with DC primary power distribution thanks to their higher efficiency. In this context, synchronous homopolar machines equipped with... Read More about Design and Testing of a Direct Oil Cooled Homopolar Synchronous Generator with Dual DC-Link via Diode Rectifiers.

Optimization and Comparison of 1MW-Class PM Motors for Aircraft Propulsion Using Litz Wire and Hairpin Windings (2025)
Journal Article
Huynh, A. T., Huang, H., Jiang, J., Zou, T., Gerada, D., Yang, T., & Gerada, C. (2025). Optimization and Comparison of 1MW-Class PM Motors for Aircraft Propulsion Using Litz Wire and Hairpin Windings. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, https://doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2025.3547237

Choosing the right winding technology is key to maximizing power density and efficiency in electric aircraft propulsion. This paper presents a two-level optimization strategy to evaluate Litz wire and hairpin winding configurations in two 1 MW-class... Read More about Optimization and Comparison of 1MW-Class PM Motors for Aircraft Propulsion Using Litz Wire and Hairpin Windings.

High Speed Synchronous Machines: Technologies and Limits (2025)
Journal Article
Di Nardo, M., Gallicchio, G., Cupertino, F., Palmieri, M., Ilkhani, M. R., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2025). High Speed Synchronous Machines: Technologies and Limits. IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications, 6, 93-106. https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2025.3531227

This paper presents a comprehensive comparison of high-speed synchronous machines, encompassing synchronous reluctance, its permanent magnet variant and surface permanent magnet synchronous motors. The evaluation of their maximum performance capabili... Read More about High Speed Synchronous Machines: Technologies and Limits.

Investigation of PWM Techniques for High-Frequency Harmonics Loss Performance in Dual-Three Phase Asymmetrical Machines (2025)
Journal Article
Wang, S., Rivera, M., Golovanov, D., Blissett, J., Moran, J., Davison, P., G., R., Gerada, C., & Wheeler, P. (2025). Investigation of PWM Techniques for High-Frequency Harmonics Loss Performance in Dual-Three Phase Asymmetrical Machines. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2025.3532720

Dual three-phase asymmetrical machines are more sensitive to voltage pulses from pulse width modulation (PWM) compared to conventional three-phase machines. This sensitivity results in substantial current harmonics, which cause increased machine loss... Read More about Investigation of PWM Techniques for High-Frequency Harmonics Loss Performance in Dual-Three Phase Asymmetrical Machines.

A Holistic Analysis and Experimental Testing of a Passive Heat Path for Electric Motors Slots (2025)
Journal Article
Hebala, A., Connor, P. H., Nuzzo, S., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2025). A Holistic Analysis and Experimental Testing of a Passive Heat Path for Electric Motors Slots. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, https://doi.org/10.1109/tte.2025.3537161

This paper presents a thorough and broad analysis of the passive slot heat path concept. Six heat path shapes are proposed and compared in terms of their combined thermal and electrical performance. Through an extensive search pool that covers a wide... Read More about A Holistic Analysis and Experimental Testing of a Passive Heat Path for Electric Motors Slots.

Passive In-Slot Heat Path Realisation for Extending the Operating Limits of an Aircraft Propulsion Motor (2024)
Journal Article
Hebala, A., Nuzzo, S., H. Connor, P., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2025). Passive In-Slot Heat Path Realisation for Extending the Operating Limits of an Aircraft Propulsion Motor. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 11(2), 6952-6961. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2024.3520380

This paper studies the combined thermal and electrical characteristics of different in-slot conductive heat path materials and shapes to reduce the winding hotspot temperature and improve electrical motors’ output power and performance. Combinations... Read More about Passive In-Slot Heat Path Realisation for Extending the Operating Limits of an Aircraft Propulsion Motor.

An Enhanced Model Predictive Torque Control With Online Loss Minimization Tracking for SPMSM Drive (2024)
Journal Article
Wang, S., Rivera, M., Gerada, C., Wheeler, P., & Lophitis, N. (2025). An Enhanced Model Predictive Torque Control With Online Loss Minimization Tracking for SPMSM Drive. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 72(7), 6659-6668. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2024.3493173

Maximum efficiency per ampere (MEPA) control, also known as loss minimization (LM) control, aims to minimize losses in permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drive systems by optimizing the dq-axis current references. Addressing the complexities... Read More about An Enhanced Model Predictive Torque Control With Online Loss Minimization Tracking for SPMSM Drive.

A Hybrid PWM Technique Employing Variable Switching Sequences for Current Ripple Suppression in Dual Three-Phase PMSMs (2024)
Journal Article
Wang, S., Rivera, M., Golovanov, D., Blissett, J., Moran, J., Davison, P., Ramtharan, G., Gerada, C., & Wheeler, P. (2025). A Hybrid PWM Technique Employing Variable Switching Sequences for Current Ripple Suppression in Dual Three-Phase PMSMs. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 72(5), 4577-4587. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2024.3476911

Dual three-phase electrical machines inherently have lower 6 k ± 1 order harmonic impedance than conventional three-phase machines, particularly in their sensitivity to voltage pulses from a drive in terms of current harmonics. Based on space vector... Read More about A Hybrid PWM Technique Employing Variable Switching Sequences for Current Ripple Suppression in Dual Three-Phase PMSMs.

PDIV Modeling for Rectangular Wire Turn-to-Turn Insulation of Inverter-Fed Motors at Different Cruising Altitudes (2024)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Naderiallaf, H., Gerada, C., Degano, M., & Gerada, D. (2024, September). PDIV Modeling for Rectangular Wire Turn-to-Turn Insulation of Inverter-Fed Motors at Different Cruising Altitudes. Presented at 2024 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), Torino, Italy

This study develops a predictive model for partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) in turn-to-turn insulation of form-wound windings for inverter-fed motors considering a range of altitudes, from ground to cruise levels. Emphasis is placed on the... Read More about PDIV Modeling for Rectangular Wire Turn-to-Turn Insulation of Inverter-Fed Motors at Different Cruising Altitudes.