No evidence of word-level uncertainty in younger and older adults in self-paced reading

Cutter, Michael G; Paterson, Kevin B; Filik, Ruth

Abstract

In a self-paced reading study, we investigated whether older adults maintain a greater level of uncertainty about the identity of words in a sentence than younger adults, potentially due to deficits in visuo-perceptual processing of high-spatial frequencies associated with normal aging. In the experiment, 60 older adults and 60 younger adults read sentences in which an early preposition was either perceptually confusable with another word (at; confusable with as) or not (toward), and in which the reading of a subsequent ambiguous verb (e.g. tossed) should be affected by the confusability of the preposition, while the reading of an unambiguous verb (e.g. thrown) should not be. This design replicated that of an earlier study which found evidence in favour of participants maintaining uncertainty about the confusable preposition in go-past times during natural reading (Levy et al., 2009). However, in our study there was no evidence that either younger or older adults maintained uncertainty about the identity of the perceptually confusable preposition, such that there was no interaction between the preposition’s form and subsequent verb ambiguity in self-paced reading times, although we did observe a main effect of verb ambiguity. This represents a failure to replicate the effect observed by Levy et al. when using a different experimental paradigm, and we consider potential causes of our findings at both a methodological and theoretical level.

Citation

Cutter, M. G., Paterson, K. B., & Filik, R. (2022). No evidence of word-level uncertainty in younger and older adults in self-paced reading. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218211045987

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Aug 23, 2021
• Online Publication Date: Aug 28, 2021
• Publication Date: 2022-06
• Deposit Date: Aug 25, 2021
• Publicly Available Date: Aug 25, 2021
• Journal: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology
• Print ISSN: 1747-0218
• Electronic ISSN: 1747-0226
• Publisher: SAGE Publications
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218211045987
• Keywords: Physiology (medical); General Psychology; Experimental and Cognitive Psychology; General Medicine; Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology; Physiology
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/6091636
• Publisher URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/17470218211045987
• Additional Information: This is an author accepted manuscript of a paper set to appear in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. This is not the version of record and may differ from the final published version.