Human postprandial responses to food and potential for precision nutrition

Berry, Sarah E.; Valdes, Ana M.; Drew, David A.; Asnicar, Francesco; Mazidi, Mohsen; Wolf, Jonathan; Capdevila, Joan; Hadjigeorgiou, George; Davies, Richard; Al Khatib, Haya; Bonnett, Christopher; Ganesh, Sajaysurya; Bakker, Elco; Hart, Deborah; Mangino, Massimo; Merino, Jordi; Linenberg, Inbar; Wyatt, Patrick; Ordovas, Jose M.; Gardner, Christopher D.; Delahanty, Linda M.; Chan, Andrew T.; Segata, Nicola; Franks, Paul W.; Spector, Tim D.

Abstract

Metabolic responses to food influence risk of cardiometabolic disease, but large-scale high-resolution studies are lacking. We recruited n = 1,002 twins and unrelated healthy adults in the United Kingdom to the PREDICT 1 study and assessed postprandial metabolic responses in a clinical setting and at home. We observed large inter-individual variability (as measured by the population coefficient of variation (s.d./mean, %)) in postprandial responses of blood triglyceride (103%), glucose (68%) and insulin (59%) following identical meals. Person-specific factors, such as gut microbiome, had a greater influence (7.1% of variance) than did meal macronutrients (3.6%) for postprandial lipemia, but not for postprandial glycemia (6.0% and 15.4%, respectively); genetic variants had a modest impact on predictions (9.5% for glucose, 0.8% for triglyceride, 0.2% for C-peptide). Findings were independently validated in a US cohort (n = 100 people). We developed a machine-learning model that predicted both triglyceride (r = 0.47) and glycemic (r = 0.77) responses to food intake. These findings may be informative for developing personalized diet strategies. The ClinicalTrials.gov registration identifier is NCT03479866.

Citation

Berry, S. E., Valdes, A. M., Drew, D. A., Asnicar, F., Mazidi, M., Wolf, J., Capdevila, J., Hadjigeorgiou, G., Davies, R., Al Khatib, H., Bonnett, C., Ganesh, S., Bakker, E., Hart, D., Mangino, M., Merino, J., Linenberg, I., Wyatt, P., Ordovas, J. M., Gardner, C. D., …Spector, T. D. (2020). Human postprandial responses to food and potential for precision nutrition. Nature Medicine, 26, 964-973. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0934-0

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: May 22, 2020
• Online Publication Date: Jun 11, 2020
• Publication Date: Jun 11, 2020
• Deposit Date: Jun 14, 2020
• Publicly Available Date: Dec 12, 2020
• Journal: Nature Medicine
• Print ISSN: 1078-8956
• Electronic ISSN: 1546-170X
• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 26
• Pages: 964-973
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0934-0
• Keywords: General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; General Medicine
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/4646169
• Publisher URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0934-0
• Additional Information: A Publisher Correction to this article was published on 20 October 2020: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1130-y