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All Outputs (409)

Clinical and cost-effectiveness of spironolactone in treating persistent facial acne in women: SAFA double-blinded RCT (2024)
Journal Article
Santer, M., Lawrence, M., Pyne, S., Renz, S., L Stuart, B., Sach, T., Ridd, M., S Thomas, K., Nuttall, J., Permyakova, N., Eminton, Z., Francis, N., Little, P., Muller, I., Soulsby, I., Thomas, K., Griffiths, G., & M Layton, A. (2024). Clinical and cost-effectiveness of spironolactone in treating persistent facial acne in women: SAFA double-blinded RCT. Health Technology Assessment, 28(56), https://doi.org/10.3310/MYJT6804

Background
Acne is common, can cause significant impact on quality of life and is a frequent reason for long-term antibiotic use. Spironolactone has been prescribed for acne in women for many years, but robust evidence is lacking.

Objective
To e... Read More about Clinical and cost-effectiveness of spironolactone in treating persistent facial acne in women: SAFA double-blinded RCT.

Efficacy and safety of statins, ezetimibe and statins-ezetimibe therapies for children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: Systematic review, pairwise and network meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (2024)
Journal Article
Llewellyn, A., Simmonds, M., Marshall, D., Harden, M., Woods, B., Humphries, S. E., Ramaswami, U., Priestley-Barnham, L., Fisher, M., Tata, L. J., & Qureshi, N. (2024). Efficacy and safety of statins, ezetimibe and statins-ezetimibe therapies for children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: Systematic review, pairwise and network meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. Atherosclerosis, Article 118598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.118598

Background and aims
Statins, ezetimibe and statins-ezetimibe combination therapy are recommended lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs) in children with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH). However, their relative effectiveness is not well u... Read More about Efficacy and safety of statins, ezetimibe and statins-ezetimibe therapies for children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: Systematic review, pairwise and network meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials.

Sexual and reproductive health needs of women with severe mental illness in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review (2024)
Journal Article
Sisodia, S., Hammond, Z., Leonardi-Bee, J., Hanlon, C., & Asher, L. (in press). Sexual and reproductive health needs of women with severe mental illness in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review. PLoS ONE,

Background

This scoping review aimed to understand the extent and type of evidence in relation to sexual and reproductive health needs of women with severe mental illness (SMI) in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and to summarise those nee... Read More about Sexual and reproductive health needs of women with severe mental illness in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review.

Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia (2024)
Journal Article
Lansbury, L., McKeever, T. M., Lawrence, H., Pick, H., Baskaran, V., Edwards-Pritchard, R. C., Ashton, D., Rodrigo, C., Daniel, P., Litt, D., Eletu, S., Parmar, H., Sheppard, C. L., Ladhani, S., Trotter, C., & Lim, W. S. (2024). Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia. Journal of Infection, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106277

Objectives

We aimed to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for nasopharyngeal and oral pneumococcal carriage in adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and the relationship between carried and disease-causing serotypes.

Methods... Read More about Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia.

Paternal under and over nutrition modify semen composition and preimplantation embryo developmental kinetics in mice (2024)
Journal Article
Morgan, H. L., Eid, N., Holmes, N., Henson, S., Wright, V., Coveney, C., Winder, C., O’Neil, D. M., Dunn, W. B., Boocock, D. J., & Watkins, A. J. (2024). Paternal under and over nutrition modify semen composition and preimplantation embryo developmental kinetics in mice. BMC Biology, 22, Article 207. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-024-01992-0

Background: The importance of parental diet in relation to eventual offspring health is increasing in prominence due to the increased frequency of parents of reproductive age consuming poor diets. Whilst maternal health and offspring outcome have bee... Read More about Paternal under and over nutrition modify semen composition and preimplantation embryo developmental kinetics in mice.

Short-term risk of cardiovascular events in people newly diagnosed with gout (2024)
Journal Article
Cipolletta, E., Nakafero, G., Richette, P., Avery, A. J., Mamas, M. A., Tata, L. J., & Abhishek, A. (2024). Short-term risk of cardiovascular events in people newly diagnosed with gout. Arthritis and Rheumatology, https://doi.org/10.1002/art.42986

Objectives
To investigate the temporal association between first diagnosis of gout and cardiovascular events in the short-term.

Methods
We performed a self-controlled case series analysis and a cohort study using data from linked primary care, h... Read More about Short-term risk of cardiovascular events in people newly diagnosed with gout.

Primary liver cancer risk and mortality in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis in England and Denmark: observational cohort studies (2024)
Journal Article
Jensen, M. D., West, J., Crooks, C., Morling, J. R., Kraglund, F., Card, T., Askgaard, G., & Jepsen, P. (2024). Primary liver cancer risk and mortality in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis in England and Denmark: observational cohort studies. American Journal of Gastroenterology, https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003077

Background & Aims:

Patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis (ALD cirrhosis) have an increased risk of primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma [iCCA]). England recommends surveillance for HCC in these... Read More about Primary liver cancer risk and mortality in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis in England and Denmark: observational cohort studies.

What is the relationship between raising the minimum legal sales age of tobacco above 20 and cigarette smoking? A systematic review (2024)
Journal Article
Davies, N., Bogdanovica, I., McGill, S., & Murray, R. L. (2024). What is the relationship between raising the minimum legal sales age of tobacco above 20 and cigarette smoking? A systematic review. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae206

Introduction
There is considerable interest in raising the age of sale of tobacco above the conventional age of 18. We systematically reviewed whether raising the minimum legal sales age of tobacco (MLSA) to 20 or above is associated with reduced pr... Read More about What is the relationship between raising the minimum legal sales age of tobacco above 20 and cigarette smoking? A systematic review.

Challenges and opportunities for identifying people with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia in the UK: Evidence from the National FH PASS database (2024)
Journal Article
Cox, E., Faria, R., Saramago, P., Haralambos, K., Watson, M., Humphries, S. E., Qureshi, N., & Woods, B. (2024). Challenges and opportunities for identifying people with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia in the UK: Evidence from the National FH PASS database. Journal of Clinical Lipidology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacl.2024.08.007

Background
Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a monogenic disorder that causes high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Cascade testing, where relatives of known individuals with FH (‘index’) are genetically tested, is effective... Read More about Challenges and opportunities for identifying people with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia in the UK: Evidence from the National FH PASS database.

Topical anti-inflammatory treatments for eczema: a Cochrane systematic review and network meta-analysis (2024)
Journal Article
Lax, S. J., Van Vogt, E., Candy, B., Steele, L., Reynolds, C., Stuart, B., Parker, R., Axon, E., Roberts, A., Doyle, M., Chu, D. K., Futamura, M., Santer, M., Williams, H. C., Cro, S., Drucker, A. M., & Boyle, R. J. (2024). Topical anti-inflammatory treatments for eczema: a Cochrane systematic review and network meta-analysis. Clinical and Experimental Allergy, https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.14556

Objective: Eczema is the most burdensome skin condition worldwide and topical anti-inflammatory treatments are commonly used to control symptoms. The relative effectiveness and safety of different topical anti-inflammatory treatments is uncertain. De... Read More about Topical anti-inflammatory treatments for eczema: a Cochrane systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Combined magnetic resonance imaging, high resolution manometry and a randomised trial of bisacodyl versus hyoscine shows the significance of an enlarged colon in constipation: the RECLAIM study (2024)
Journal Article
Wilkinson-Smith, V., Scott, M., Menys, A., Wiklendt, L., MARCIANI, L., Atkinson, D., Sansone, S., Zdanavciene, A., Coupland, C., Knowles, C., Dinning, P., Taylor, S., Gowland, P., Hoad, C., Corsetti, M., & Spiller, R. (in press). Combined magnetic resonance imaging, high resolution manometry and a randomised trial of bisacodyl versus hyoscine shows the significance of an enlarged colon in constipation: the RECLAIM study. Gut,

Background
Colonic motility in constipation can be assessed non-invasively using MRI

Objective
To compare MRI with high resolution colonic manometry (HRCM) for predicting treatment response.

Design
Part 1: 44 healthy volunteers (HV), 43 p... Read More about Combined magnetic resonance imaging, high resolution manometry and a randomised trial of bisacodyl versus hyoscine shows the significance of an enlarged colon in constipation: the RECLAIM study.

Using nicotine replacement therapy for smoking reduction in pregnancy: a qualitative study of pregnant women in the UK who smoke (2024)
Journal Article
Thomson, R., Phillips, L., Orton, S., Naughton, F., & Coleman, T. (2024). Using nicotine replacement therapy for smoking reduction in pregnancy: a qualitative study of pregnant women in the UK who smoke. BMJ Open, 14(8), Article e085945. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085945

Objectives To explore the acceptability and perceived motivations and barriers of using nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) to reduce the number of daily cigarettes smoked in pregnancy, rather than for stopping completely.

Design Telephone, semi-st... Read More about Using nicotine replacement therapy for smoking reduction in pregnancy: a qualitative study of pregnant women in the UK who smoke.

The impact of different doses of oral iron supplementation during pregnancy: a pilot randomized trial (2024)
Journal Article
Stanworth, S. J., Churchill, D., Sweity, S., Holmes, T., Hudson, C., Brown, R., Lax, S., Murray, J., Spiby, H., Roy, N., Farmer, A., Gale, C., Crayton, E., Lorencatto, F., Griffiths, J., Mullings, J., Last, S., & Knight, M. (2024). The impact of different doses of oral iron supplementation during pregnancy: a pilot randomized trial. Blood Advances, https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2024013408

The burden of iron-deficiency anemia remains significant during pregnancy. Oral iron is first-line medication, but there is uncertainty about a range of factors including adherence and side-effects of different doses. We conducted a pilot randomized... Read More about The impact of different doses of oral iron supplementation during pregnancy: a pilot randomized trial.

Infection prevention and control in cystic fibrosis: An update of a systematic review of interventions (2024)
Journal Article
Rowbotham, N. J., Smith, S., Jahnke, N., Milczanowski, S., Elliott, Z. C., Prayle, A. P., & Smyth, A. R. (2024). Infection prevention and control in cystic fibrosis: An update of a systematic review of interventions. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2024.08.004

Preventing transmissible infection is a priority in cystic fibrosis (CF) care. This is an update of a systematic review of the evidence for infection prevention and control interventions in CF.

Our full protocol can be found on PROSPERO (CRD420181... Read More about Infection prevention and control in cystic fibrosis: An update of a systematic review of interventions.

Non-Invasive Ventilatory Support in Preterm Neonates in the Delivery Room and the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Short Narrative Review of What We Know in 2024 (2024)
Journal Article
Roehr, C. C., Farley, H. J., Mahmoud, R. A., & Ojha, S. (2024). Non-Invasive Ventilatory Support in Preterm Neonates in the Delivery Room and the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Short Narrative Review of What We Know in 2024. Neonatology, https://doi.org/10.1159/000540601

Background: Guidelines recommend non-invasive ventilatory (NIV) support as first-line respiratory support mode in preterm infants as NIV is superior to intubation and mechanical ventilation in preventing death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia. However,... Read More about Non-Invasive Ventilatory Support in Preterm Neonates in the Delivery Room and the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Short Narrative Review of What We Know in 2024.

Can Ayurveda medicine supplement modern medical treatments in chronic disease management? (2024)
Journal Article
Ravindran, V., Kumar, K., Bhandari, S., Chattopadhyay, K., Payyappallimana, U., Morandi, A., Gupta, R., & Gupta, R. (2024). Can Ayurveda medicine supplement modern medical treatments in chronic disease management?. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, https://doi.org/10.1177/14782715241273738

The editorial highlights the fact that there is limited communication between healthcare providers and patients about complementary and integrative medicine (TCI) like Ayurveda. To address this, healthcare professionals need better education on Ayurv... Read More about Can Ayurveda medicine supplement modern medical treatments in chronic disease management?.

Systematic review: Mortality associated with raised faecal immunochemical test and positive faecal occult blood results (2024)
Journal Article
Ligori Malcolm, F., Yapa, A. K., Wong, Z. Y., Morton, A. J., Crooks, C., West, J., Banerjea, A., & Humes, D. (2024). Systematic review: Mortality associated with raised faecal immunochemical test and positive faecal occult blood results. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18208


Background

Faecal haemoglobin (f-Hb) testing is used in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and increasingly to guide the investigation in patients with symptoms suggestive of CRC. Studies have demonstrated increased mortality with raised f-Hb.... Read More about Systematic review: Mortality associated with raised faecal immunochemical test and positive faecal occult blood results.