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Novel detection of specific bacterial quorum sensing molecules in saliva: Potential non-invasive biomarkers for pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis (2021)
Journal Article
Webb, K., Cámara, M., Zain, N. M. M., Halliday, N., Bruce, K. D., Nash, E. F., …Barr, H. L. (2022). Novel detection of specific bacterial quorum sensing molecules in saliva: Potential non-invasive biomarkers for pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 21(4), 626-629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2021.08.030

Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces specific signalling molecules, 2-alkyl-4-quinolones (AQs) that are detectable in the sputum of adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) and who have pulmonary infection with this opportunistic pathogen. This study aimed to det... Read More about Novel detection of specific bacterial quorum sensing molecules in saliva: Potential non-invasive biomarkers for pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis.

Timing of umbilical cord clamping for preterm infants in low-and-middle-income countries: A survey of current practice (2021)
Journal Article
Payne, L., Walker, K. F., & Mitchell, E. J. (2021). Timing of umbilical cord clamping for preterm infants in low-and-middle-income countries: A survey of current practice. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 264, 15-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.06.041

Introduction
The optimal timing of umbilical cord clamping in preterm infants has been contested for years. Previously, it was common practice to clamp the cord immediately after birth. There is now high-quality evidence that delayed cord clamping (... Read More about Timing of umbilical cord clamping for preterm infants in low-and-middle-income countries: A survey of current practice.

Reliability of detection of ultrasound and MRI features of hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2021)
Journal Article
Obotiba, A. D., Swain, S., Kaur, J., Doherty, M., Zhang, W., & Abhishek, A. (2022). Reliability of detection of ultrasound and MRI features of hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rheumatology, 61(2), 542-553. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keab470

OBJECTIVES: To systematically review the literature on inter- and intra-rater reliability of scoring US and MRI changes in hand OA. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINHAL, Web of Science and AMED were searched from inception to January 2020. Kappa (κ), wei... Read More about Reliability of detection of ultrasound and MRI features of hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Episiotomy and Initiation of Human Milk Feeds: A Retrospective Observational Study (2021)
Journal Article
Servante, J., Abramson, J., Walker, K. F., & Ojha, S. (2021). Episiotomy and Initiation of Human Milk Feeds: A Retrospective Observational Study. Breastfeeding Medicine, 16(5), 407-413. https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2020.0071

Objective: To investigate the association, in the United Kingdom, between having an episiotomy during childbirth and giving human milk by any modality as an infant's first feed. We also identified maternal demographic factors and perinatal experience... Read More about Episiotomy and Initiation of Human Milk Feeds: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Time to get serious about the detection and monitoring of early lung disease in cystic fibrosis (2021)
Journal Article
Bayfield, K. J., Douglas, T. A., Rosenow, T., Davies, J. C., Elborn, S. J., Mall, M., …Robinson, P. D. (2021). Time to get serious about the detection and monitoring of early lung disease in cystic fibrosis. Thorax, 76(12), 1255-1265. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216085

Structural and functional defects within the lungs of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) are detectable soon after birth and progress throughout preschool years often without overt clinical signs or symptoms. By school age, most children have structu... Read More about Time to get serious about the detection and monitoring of early lung disease in cystic fibrosis.

Synovitis and bone marrow lesions associate with symptoms and radiographic progression in hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies (2021)
Journal Article
Obotiba, A. D., Swain, S., Kaur, J., Yaseen, K., Doherty, M., Zhang, W., & Abhishek, A. (2021). Synovitis and bone marrow lesions associate with symptoms and radiographic progression in hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 29(7), 946-955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2021.03.018

Aims: To systematically review observational studies for the association between features detected on ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and, symptoms, signs and radiographic progression of hand osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: Medline... Read More about Synovitis and bone marrow lesions associate with symptoms and radiographic progression in hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Temporal relationship between osteoarthritis and comorbidities: a combined case control and cohort study in the UK primary care setting (2021)
Journal Article
Swain, S., Coupland, C., Mallen, C., Kuo, C. F., Sarmanova, A., Bierma-Zeinstra, S. M., …Zhang, W. (2021). Temporal relationship between osteoarthritis and comorbidities: a combined case control and cohort study in the UK primary care setting. Rheumatology, 60(9), 4327-4339. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keab067

OBJECTIVE: To determine the burden of comorbidities in OA and their temporal relationships in the UK.

METHODS: The Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD was used to identify people with incident OA and age, gender and practice matched n... Read More about Temporal relationship between osteoarthritis and comorbidities: a combined case control and cohort study in the UK primary care setting.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of anakinra, sarilumab, siltuximab and tocilizumab for COVID-19 (2021)
Journal Article
Khan, F. A., Stewart, I., Fabbri, L., Moss, S., Robinson, K., Smyth, A. R., & Jenkins, G. (2021). Systematic review and meta-analysis of anakinra, sarilumab, siltuximab and tocilizumab for COVID-19. Thorax, 76(9), 907-919. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-215266

Background There is accumulating evidence for an overly activated immune response in severe COVID-19, with several studies exploring the therapeutic role of immunomodulation. Through systematic review and meta-analysis, we assess the effectiveness of... Read More about Systematic review and meta-analysis of anakinra, sarilumab, siltuximab and tocilizumab for COVID-19.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of Anakinra, Sarilumab, Siltuximab and Tocilizumab for Covid-19 (2021)
Preprint / Working Paper
Khan, F., Fabbri, L., Stewart, I., Robinson A., K., Smyth, A. R., & Jenkins, G. A systematic review and meta-analysis of Anakinra, Sarilumab, Siltuximab and Tocilizumab for Covid-19

Background There is accumulating evidence for an overly activated immune response in severe Covid-19, with several studies exploring the therapeutic role of immunomodulation. Through systematic review and meta-analysis, we assess the effectiveness of... Read More about A systematic review and meta-analysis of Anakinra, Sarilumab, Siltuximab and Tocilizumab for Covid-19.

Randomised controlled trial of tailored support to increase physical activity and reduce smoking in smokers not immediately ready to quit: protocol for the Trial of physical Activity-assisted Reduction of Smoking (TARS) Study (2020)
Journal Article
Taylor, A., Thompson, T. P., Ussher, M., Aveyard, P., Murray, R. L., Harris, T., …Preece, D. (2020). Randomised controlled trial of tailored support to increase physical activity and reduce smoking in smokers not immediately ready to quit: protocol for the Trial of physical Activity-assisted Reduction of Smoking (TARS) Study. BMJ Open, 10(12), Article e043331. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043331

Defining stable glaucoma: a Delphi consensus survey of UK optometrists with a specialist interest in Glaucoma (2020)
Journal Article
Lakhani, B. K., Giannouladis, K., Leighton, P., Spry, P. G. D., Harper, R. A., & King, A. J. (2021). Defining stable glaucoma: a Delphi consensus survey of UK optometrists with a specialist interest in Glaucoma. Eye, 35(9), 2524-2534. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-020-01251-w

Background
Increasing demand on hospital services has led to the development of alternative community-based services, often run by optometrists for monitoring ‘stable’ and low-risk glaucoma patients.

Methods
An online Delphi exercise was underta... Read More about Defining stable glaucoma: a Delphi consensus survey of UK optometrists with a specialist interest in Glaucoma.

Factors influencing the uptake and use of nicotine replacement therapy and e-cigarettes in pregnant women who smoke: a qualitative evidence synthesis (2020)
Journal Article
Campbell, K., Coleman-Haynes, T., Bowker, K., Cooper, S. E., Connelly, S., & Coleman, T. (2020). Factors influencing the uptake and use of nicotine replacement therapy and e-cigarettes in pregnant women who smoke: a qualitative evidence synthesis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2020(5), Article CD013629. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013629

Background: Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) delivers nicotine without the toxic chemicals present in tobacco smoke. It is an effective smoking cessation aid in non‐pregnant smokers, but there is less evidence of effectiveness in pregnancy. Systema... Read More about Factors influencing the uptake and use of nicotine replacement therapy and e-cigarettes in pregnant women who smoke: a qualitative evidence synthesis.

A randomised controlled trial to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of tailored web- and text-based smoking cessation support in primary care: iQuit in Practice II trial protocol (Preprint) (2020)
Preprint / Working Paper
Proctor, J., Naughton, F., Sloan, M., Hopewell, S., Brimicombe, J., Prevost, T., …Sutton, S. A randomised controlled trial to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of tailored web- and text-based smoking cessation support in primary care: iQuit in Practice II trial protocol (Preprint)

Background: The prevalence of smoking is in decline, however, it continues to be a major public health burden. In England, primary care is the health setting that provides smoking cessation support to the most smokers. However, this setting has one o... Read More about A randomised controlled trial to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of tailored web- and text-based smoking cessation support in primary care: iQuit in Practice II trial protocol (Preprint).

Interventions to promote oral nutritional behaviours in people living with neurodegenerative disorders of the motor system: A systematic review (2019)
Journal Article
Essat, M., Archer, R., Williams, I., Zarotti, N., Coates, E., Clowes, M., …McDermott, C. (2020). Interventions to promote oral nutritional behaviours in people living with neurodegenerative disorders of the motor system: A systematic review. Clinical Nutrition, 39(8), 2547-2556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2019.11.015

Background & aims
Weight loss is common in people with neurodegenerative diseases of the motor system (NDMS), such as Parkinson's disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and is associated with reduced quality of life, functional ability and survi... Read More about Interventions to promote oral nutritional behaviours in people living with neurodegenerative disorders of the motor system: A systematic review.

An evaluation of risk-based monitoring in pragmatic trials in UK Clinical Trials Units (2019)
Journal Article
Beever, D., & Swaby, L. (2019). An evaluation of risk-based monitoring in pragmatic trials in UK Clinical Trials Units. Trials, 20(1), Article 556. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-019-3619-6

Background
Good Clinical Practice guidelines issued in 2016 encourage risk-based approaches to monitoring clinical trials. This study compared current risk assessment and monitoring approaches in UK Clinical Trials Units (CTUs) with the published gu... Read More about An evaluation of risk-based monitoring in pragmatic trials in UK Clinical Trials Units.

Anticholinergic Drug Exposure and the Risk of Dementia: A Nested Case-Control Study (2019)
Journal Article
Coupland, C. A., Hill, T., Dening, T., Morriss, R., Moore, M., & Hippisley-Cox, J. (2019). Anticholinergic Drug Exposure and the Risk of Dementia: A Nested Case-Control Study. JAMA Internal Medicine, 179(8), 1084-1093. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.0677

IMPORTANCE Anticholinergic medicines have short-term cognitive adverse effects, but it
is uncertain whether long-term use of these drugs is associated with an increased risk of dementia.

OBJECTIVE To assess associations between anticholinergic dr... Read More about Anticholinergic Drug Exposure and the Risk of Dementia: A Nested Case-Control Study.